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Shloka 53

नाज्ञायत ततः किंचित्‌ पुनरेव विशाम्पते । प्रवृत्ते तुमुले युद्धे द्रोणपाण्डवरयोर्मुथे,प्रजानाथ! रणभूमिमें द्रोणाचार्य और अर्जुनमें घमासान युद्ध छिड़ जानेपर फिर किसीको कुछ सूझ नहीं रहा था

sañjaya uvāca | nājñāyata tataḥ kiñcit punar eva viśāmpate | pravṛtte tumule yuddhe droṇa-pāṇḍavayor mṛdhe prajānātha |

قال سَنْجَيا: يا سيّدَ الشعب، يا حاكمَ الرجال، لما اندلع ذلك القتال العنيف بين درونا والباندافي (أرجونا)، لم يعد يُدرَك شيءٌ على وجهٍ بيّن—ففي خضمّ الضجيج غمر العنفُ الحربيُّ الإدراكَ والحُكم.

not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अज्ञायतwas known/was understood
अज्ञायत:
TypeVerb
Rootज्ञा
FormLan (Imperfect), Atmanepada, 3, singular
ततःthen/thereafter
ततः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootततः
किंचित्anything, something (even a little)
किंचित्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootकिंचित्
Formneuter, nominative/accusative, singular
पुनःagain
पुनः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपुनः
एवindeed/just
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
विशाम्पतेO lord of the people (king)
विशाम्पते:
TypeNoun
Rootविशाम्पति
Formmasculine, vocative, singular
प्रवृत्तेwhen (it) had begun/was underway
प्रवृत्ते:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootप्रवृत्त
Formneuter, locative, singular
तुमुलेin the tumultuous (one)
तुमुले:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootतुमुल
Formneuter, locative, singular
युद्धेin the battle
युद्धे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootयुद्ध
Formneuter, locative, singular
द्रोणपाण्डवरयोःof Drona and the Pandava (Arjuna)
द्रोणपाण्डवरयोः:
TypeNoun
Rootद्रोणपाण्डवर
Formmasculine, genitive, dual
मुथेin the encounter/close fight
मुथे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootमुथ
Formneuter, locative, singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
D
Dhṛtarāṣṭra
D
Droṇācārya (Droṇa)
P
Pāṇḍava (Arjuna implied)
R
raṇabhūmi (battlefield)

Educational Q&A

The verse underscores how, once violence escalates into a full-scale clash, clarity and discernment collapse; war generates confusion that obscures truth and makes ethical judgment difficult, even for observers.

Sañjaya reports to Dhṛtarāṣṭra that a fierce, tumultuous duel has broken out between Droṇa and the Pāṇḍava side (specifically Arjuna), and the battlefield has become so chaotic that nothing can be clearly made out.