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Shloka 47

द्रौणिप्रतिज्ञा–नारायणास्त्रवर्णनम्

Drauṇi’s Vow and the Description of the Nārāyaṇāstra

ततः प्रववृते युद्ध तव तेषां च भारत । निशीथे दारुणे काले यमराष्ट्रविवर्धनम्‌,भारत! तदनन्तर उस भयंकर निशीथकालमें आपके पुत्र और द्रौपदीपुत्रोंका घोर युद्ध आरम्भ हुआ, जो यमराजके राज्यकी वृद्धि करनेवाला था

tataḥ pravavṛte yuddhaṃ tava teṣāṃ ca bhārata | niśīthe dāruṇe kāle yamarāṣṭravivardhanam ||

قال سنجيا: ثمّ، يا بهارتا، اندلعت معركة بين أبنائك وأولئك المحاربين—في ساعة منتصف الليل الرهيبة—معركة لا تزيد إلا مُلك يَما، ربّ الموت.

ततःthen, thereafter
ततः:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootततः (तद्-प्रातिपदिकात् अव्यय)
FormAvyaya
प्रववृतेbegan, commenced
प्रववृते:
TypeVerb
Rootप्र + √वृत् (वर्तते)
FormPerfect (लिट्), 3rd person, singular, Parasmaipada
युद्धम्battle, war
युद्धम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootयुद्ध (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
तवof you, your
तव:
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद् (त्वद्-आदेश)
FormGenitive, Singular
तेषाम्of them
तेषाम्:
TypePronoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
FormAvyaya
भारतO Bharata
भारत:
TypeNoun
Rootभारत (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
निशीथेat midnight
निशीथे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootनिशीथ (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
दारुणेterrible, dreadful
दारुणे:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootदारुण (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular (agreeing with निशीथे)
कालेat the time
काले:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootकाल (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
यमराष्ट्रविवर्धनम्increasing Yama's realm (i.e., causing many deaths)
यमराष्ट्रविवर्धनम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootयम-राष्ट्र-विवर्धन (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular (agreeing with युद्धम्)

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
D
Dhṛtarāṣṭra (implied by address 'Bhārata')
K
Kauravas (your sons)
P
Pāṇḍavas' side (implied opponents)
Y
Yama

Educational Q&A

The verse frames war as ethically corrosive when it becomes a contest of enmity: its true ‘fruit’ is the expansion of Yama’s realm—death and suffering—rather than righteous gain. It cautions that violence, especially in dark and lawless hours, tends to magnify adharma’s consequences.

Sañjaya reports to Dhṛtarāṣṭra that, at the terrifying hour of midnight, fighting erupted between the Kauravas (Dhṛtarāṣṭra’s sons) and their opponents. The description emphasizes the ominous timing and the lethal outcome, suggesting heavy casualties.