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Shloka 5

Adhyāya 16: Saṃśaptaka-vrata and the Diversion of Arjuna (द्रोणपर्व, अध्याय १६)

हयौघांश्र॒ रथौघांक्ष॒ गजौघांश्व॒ महारथ: । अपातयद्‌ू रणे राजन्‌ शतशोडथ सहस्रश:,नरेश्वर! उस महारथी वीरने रणभूमिमें घोड़ों, रथों और हाथियोंके सैकड़ों-हजारों समूहोंको मार गिराया

hayaughāṁś ca rathaughāṁś ca gajaughāṁś ca mahārathaḥ | apātayad raṇe rājan śataśo 'tha sahasraśaḥ ||

قال سنجيا: أيها الملك، إن ذلك المحارب العظيم على العربة أسقط في المعركة—مئاتٍ بل آلافًا—جماعاتٍ متكاثفة من الخيل والعربات والفيلة. تُبرز هذه الآية ضخامة العنف في ساحة القتال، حيث تتجلى البراعة الحربية في دمار واسع لا في ضبطٍ محسوب.

हयौघान्masses of horses
हयौघान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootहय-औघ
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
रथौघान्masses of chariots
रथौघान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootरथ-औघ
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
गजौघान्masses of elephants
गजौघान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootगज-औघ
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
महारथःthe great chariot-warrior
महारथः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमहा-रथ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अपातयत्felled / caused to fall
अपातयत्:
TypeVerb
Rootपत्
FormImperfect (Lan), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
रणेin battle
रणे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootरण
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
राजन्O king
राजन्:
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
शतशःby hundreds / in hundreds
शतशः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootशतशस्
अथand then / also
अथ:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअथ
सहस्रशःby thousands / in thousands
सहस्रशः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसहस्रशस्

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
D
Dhṛtarāṣṭra (implied by 'rājan')
M
mahāratha (unnamed great warrior)
H
horses
C
chariots
E
elephants
B
battlefield (raṇa)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights the immense, impersonal scale of wartime destruction: a single elite warrior can annihilate vast formations. Ethically, it invites reflection on how martial excellence, when embedded in total war, results in mass suffering—raising tension between kṣatriya valor and the human cost of conflict.

Sañjaya reports to King Dhṛtarāṣṭra that an unnamed great warrior (mahāratha) is felling large groups of cavalry, chariots, and elephants on the battlefield—hundreds and thousands at a time—conveying the ferocity and momentum of the ongoing combat in Droṇa Parva.