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Shloka 183

Nakula–Śakuni Duel and the Night Battle; Śikhaṇḍin–Kṛpa Engagement (नकुल-शकुनियुद्धं तथा रात्रियुद्धवर्णनम्)

नाहत्वाहं निवर्तिष्ये त्वामद्य पुरुषाधम । “कौरव! इस लोकमें मेरी भी तुम्हारे साथ युद्ध करनेकी बहुत दिनोंसे अभिलाषा थी। वह आज पूरी हो जाय। तात! तुमसे युद्धकी अभिलाषा रखनेवाली मेरी बुद्धि मुझे जल्दी करनेके लिये प्रेरणा दे रही है। पुरुषाधम! आज तुम्हारा वध किये बिना मैं पीछे नहीं हटूँगा'

nāhatvāhaṃ nivartiṣye tvām adya puruṣādhama

قال سنجيا: «يا أحطَّ الرجال، لن أعود اليوم حتى أقتلك.» تُجسّد هذه العبارة عزماً حربياً لا رجعة فيه في قلب المعركة، وتُصوِّر اللقاء مواجهةً أخلاقيةً يُحكَم فيها على الخصم بأنه انحرف عن السلوك القويم، فيغدو هدفاً لقصاصٍ لا هوادة فيه.

not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
हत्वाhaving slain
हत्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootहन् (√हन्)
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), active (parasmaipada sense), prior action
अहम्I
अहम्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
Formcommon, nominative, singular
निवर्तिष्येI shall turn back/withdraw
निवर्तिष्ये:
TypeVerb
Rootनि-√वृत् (निवर्त्)
Formलृट् (future), ātmanepada, 1st, singular, active (ātmanepada)
त्वाम्you
त्वाम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
Formcommon, accusative, singular
अद्यtoday/now
अद्य:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअद्य
पुरुषाधमO worst of men
पुरुषाधम:
TypeNoun
Rootपुरुषाधम
Formmasculine, vocative, singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
U
unnamed opponent addressed as puruṣādhama

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights unwavering determination in a dharmic battlefield context: once a warrior has taken up a justly motivated combat resolve, retreat is rejected until the objective is fulfilled. It also shows how ethical judgment (calling the foe 'puruṣādhama') can frame violence as punitive rather than merely competitive.

In the Drona Parva’s intense fighting, a combatant (reported by Sañjaya) declares that he will not withdraw from the day’s battle until he has killed the opponent, emphasizing the immediacy ('today') and the finality of the vow.