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Shloka 453

Sātyaki-praveśaḥ and Duryodhana-saṃnipātaḥ

Sātyaki’s passage and Duryodhana’s mass engagement

अस्त्रैरस्त्रविदां श्रेष्ठी योधयामास भारत | भारत! तत्पश्चात्‌ अस्त्रवेत्ताओंमें श्रेष्ठ क्षत्रियसंहारक द्रोणाचार्यने दूसरा धनुष हाथमें लेकर विभिन्न अस्त्रोंद्वारा युद्ध आरम्भ किया

sañjaya uvāca | astrair astravidāṃ śreṣṭhī yodhayāmāsa bhārata |

قال سنجيا: يا بهاراتا، إنّ الأوّلَ بين العارفين بالأسلحة شرع يقاتل بالمقذوفات. وفي المذبحة المتفاقمة للمحاربين، تناول دروناآتشاريّا—المشهور بأنه أعظمُ سادة السلاح—قوسًا آخر وابتدأ القتال من جديد، مُطلِقًا شتّى الأسترا (astras) بفعالية لا تلين؛ مُبيّنًا كيف يمكن لخبرة الحرب أن تغدو أداةَ دمارٍ عظيم حين ينهار الدارما ويتحوّل إلى مجرّد طلبٍ للنصر.

अस्त्रैःwith weapons/missiles
अस्त्रैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootअस्त्र
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Plural
अस्त्रविदाम्of the knowers of weapons
अस्त्रविदाम्:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootअस्त्रविद्
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
श्रेष्ठीthe best/excellent one
श्रेष्ठी:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootश्रेष्ठिन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
योधयामासfought/caused to fight
योधयामास:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootयुध्
FormPerfect (Periphrastic), Third, Singular
भारतO Bharata
भारत:
Sampradana
TypeNoun
Rootभारत
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
B
Bhārata (Dhṛtarāṣṭra as addressee)
A
Astra (missile-weapons)
D
Droṇācārya (implied by the accompanying Gita Press gloss)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights the moral tension of martial expertise: mastery of astras is admirable as knowledge, yet in adharma-driven conflict it becomes a means of mass harm. It invites reflection on how skill must be governed by dharma, restraint, and right purpose.

Sañjaya reports that the foremost weapon-master (understood in context as Droṇa) resumes or intensifies the fighting by employing various astras, taking up another bow and launching a renewed, deadly phase of battle.