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Shloka 11

Bhagadattā’s Deployment Against Ghaṭotkaca; Elephant-Corps Escalation

ततो दुर्योधनो राजा सोदर्य: परिवारित: । भीष्म॑ जुगोप समरे वर्तमाने जनक्षये,जिस समय युद्धमें वह जनसंहार हो रहा था, उसी समय राजा दुर्योधन अपने भाइयोंसे घिरा हुआ वहाँ आ पहुँचा और भीष्मकी रक्षा करने लगा

tato duryodhano rājā sodaryaiḥ parivāritaḥ | bhīṣmaṁ jugopa samare vartamāne janakṣaye ||

قال سنجيا: ثم إنّ الملك دوريودhana، محاطًا بإخوته الأشقّاء، وصل إلى هناك؛ وبينما كانت المعركة مستعرةً وفيها مذبحة عظيمة للرجال، نهض ليحمي بهيشما. وفي قلب القتل الجماعي ظهرت وفاءُ الملك لقائده وشيخه—فعلٌ امتزج فيه الواجب بالتعلّق وسط فوضى الحرب الأخلاقية.

ततःthen, thereafter
ततः:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootततः (तद्-प्रातिपदिकात् अव्यय)
Formavyaya
दुर्योधनःDuryodhana
दुर्योधनः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootदुर्योधन (प्रातिपदिक)
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
राजाthe king
राजा:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootराजन् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
सोदर्यःhaving (his) brothers / fraternal
सोदर्यः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootसोदर्य (प्रातिपदिक)
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
परिवारितःsurrounded, encircled
परिवारितः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootपरि + √वृ (वृञ् वरणे) → परिवारित (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
Formmasculine, nominative, singular; past passive participle
भीष्मम्Bhishma
भीष्मम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootभीष्म (प्रातिपदिक)
Formmasculine, accusative, singular
जुगोपprotected, guarded
जुगोप:
TypeVerb
Root√गुप् (गुपँ रक्षणे)
Formperfect (liṭ), 3rd person, singular, parasmaipada
समरेin battle
समरे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootसमर (प्रातिपदिक)
Formmasculine, locative, singular
वर्तमानेwhile (it was) going on, occurring
वर्तमाने:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Root√वृत् (वृत्तौ) → वर्तमान (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
Formmasculine/neuter, locative, singular; present participle (ātmanepada sense)
जनक्षयेin the destruction of people, in the slaughter
जनक्षये:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootजन + क्षय (प्रातिपदिक)
Formmasculine, locative, singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
D
Duryodhana
B
Bhīṣma
K
Kaurava brothers

Educational Q&A

Even amid catastrophic violence, characters act from layered motives—duty to protect a revered elder and commander, loyalty to one’s side, and attachment to power. The verse highlights how ‘dharma’ in war is not morally simple: protection and devotion can coexist with participation in mass destruction.

During intense fighting and heavy casualties, Duryodhana comes forward with his brothers and takes up a protective position around Bhīṣma, indicating Bhīṣma’s central role in the Kaurava formation and Duryodhana’s concern for safeguarding their foremost warrior.