Shloka 40

अध्याय ८० — मध्यंदिन-रणवृत्तान्तः

Yudhiṣṭhira–Śrutāyu encounter; Cekitāna–Gautama clash; Abhimanyu pressure; Arjuna’s redeployment

Devanagari script

भ्रातृनथोपेत्य तवापि पुत्र- स्तस्मिन्‌ विमर्दे महति प्रवृत्ते । अयं दुरात्मा द्रुपदस्य पुत्र: समागतो भीमसेनेन सार्थम्‌

Transliteration

bhrātṝn athopetya tavāpi putras tasmin vimarde mahati pravṛtte | ayaṁ durātmā drupadasya putraḥ samāgato bhīmasenena sārtham ||

Translation

Sañjaya said: “And then, approaching your brothers, your son too entered that great melee as it broke out. At that moment, the wicked son of Drupada came there together with Bhīmasena.”

Word by Word

• भ्रातॄन्: brothers
• भ्रातॄन्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: भ्रातृ
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Plural

• अथ: then/now
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अथ

• उपेत्य: having approached
• Type: Verb
• Root: उप-इ
• Form: क्त्वा (absolutive/gerund)

• तव: of you/your
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: युष्मद्
• Form: —, Genitive, Singular

• अपि: also/even
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अपि

• पुत्रः: son
• पुत्रः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: पुत्र
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• तस्मिन्: in that
• तस्मिन्: Adhikarana
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: Masculine/Neuter, Locative, Singular

• विमर्दे: in the clash/battle
• विमर्दे: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: विमर्द
• Form: Masculine, Locative, Singular

• महति: great (in)
• महति: Adhikarana
• Type: Adjective
• Root: महत्
• Form: Masculine, Locative, Singular

• प्रवृत्ते: having arisen/being underway
• प्रवृत्ते: Adhikarana
• Type: Verb
• Root: प्र-वृत्
• Form: क्त (past passive participle), Masculine, Locative, Singular

• अयम्: this (man)
• अयम्: Karta
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: इदम्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• दुरात्मा: evil-souled one
• दुरात्मा: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: दुरात्मन्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• द्रुपदस्य: of Drupada
• Type: Noun
• Root: द्रुपद
• Form: Masculine, Genitive, Singular

• पुत्रः: son
• पुत्रः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: पुत्र
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• समागतः: has come/arrived
• Type: Verb
• Root: सम्-आ-गम्
• Form: क्त (past active participle, used adjectivally), Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• भीमसेनेन: with Bhimasena
• भीमसेनेन: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: भीमसेन
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental, Singular

• सार्थम्: together/along with
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: सार्थम्

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Sañjaya
• Dhṛtarāṣṭra (implied by 'your')
• Dhṛtarāṣṭra's son (Duryodhana implied)
• Dhṛtarāṣṭra's brothers (Pāṇḍavas implied as 'brothers' of Dhṛtarāṣṭra)
• Drupada
• Drupada's son (Dṛṣṭadyumna implied)
• Bhīmasena