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Shloka 23

Adhyāya 78 — Bhīṣma’s Advance, Duryodhana’s Rally, and Concurrent Duels (भीष्मस्याभ्युद्यमः, दुर्योधनस्योत्साहवचनम्, विविधयुद्धवर्णनम्)

ततो युद्धाय संजग्मु: पाण्डवा: कौरवै: सह । सूर्योदये महाराज ततो युद्धम भून्महत्‌,महाराज! तत्पश्चात्‌ सूर्योदयकालमें पाण्डवोंने कौरवोंके साथ युद्धके लिये उनकी सेनापर आक्रमण किया; फिर तो बड़ा भयंकर युद्ध प्रारम्भ हुआ

tato yuddhāya saṃjagmuḥ pāṇḍavāḥ kauravaiḥ saha | sūryodaye mahārāja tato yuddham abhūn mahat ||

قال سنجيا: ثم عند شروق الشمس تقدّم الباندافا للاشتباك في القتال مع الكوروڤا، أيها الملك. ومنذ تلك اللحظة اندلع قتال عظيم مروّع—إشارة إلى أن النهار عاد يهبط إلى واجب لا مفرّ منه وإلى خراب الحرب.

ततःthen, thereafter
ततः:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतद्
Formavyaya (ablatival adverb: 'from that/thereafter')
युद्धायfor battle
युद्धाय:
Sampradana
TypeNoun
Rootयुद्ध
Formneuter, dative, singular
संजग्मुःwent forth, advanced
संजग्मुः:
TypeVerb
Rootसम् + गम्
Formperfect (liṭ), 3rd person, plural, parasmaipada
पाण्डवाःthe Pandavas
पाण्डवाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपाण्डव
Formmasculine, nominative, plural
कौरवैःwith the Kauravas
कौरवैः:
Saha (instrumental of accompaniment)
TypeNoun
Rootकौरव
Formmasculine, instrumental, plural
सहtogether with
सह:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसह
Formavyaya
सूर्योदयेat sunrise
सूर्योदये:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootसूर्योदय
Formmasculine, locative, singular
महाराजO great king
महाराज:
TypeNoun
Rootमहाराज
Formmasculine, vocative, singular
ततःthen
ततः:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतद्
Formavyaya
युद्धम्battle
युद्धम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootयुद्ध
Formneuter, nominative, singular
अभूत्arose, happened
अभूत्:
TypeVerb
Rootभू
Formaorist (luṅ), 3rd person, singular, parasmaipada
महत्great, mighty
महत्:
TypeAdjective
Rootमहत्
Formneuter, nominative, singular (agreeing with युद्धम्)

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
D
Dhṛtarāṣṭra (Mahārāja)
P
Pāṇḍavas
K
Kauravas
S
Sunrise (sūryodaya)

Educational Q&A

The verse underscores the relentless momentum of war once dharma has been contested and arms have been taken up: at daybreak the warriors resume their kṣatriya-duty, showing how action (even grim action) proceeds according to role, resolve, and consequence.

Sañjaya reports to Dhṛtarāṣṭra that at sunrise the Pāṇḍavas moved to engage the Kauravas, and a great, fierce battle commenced.