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Shloka 19

Adhyāya 65: Dawn Assembly, Makara–Śyena Vyūhas, and Commander Engagements

धार्तराष्ट्रानू दश रथान्‌ दशैव प्रत्यवारयन्‌ । नानारूपाणि शस्त्राणि विसृजन्तो विशाम्पते

dhārtarāṣṭrānū daśa rathān daśaiva pratyavārayan | nānārūpāṇi śastrāṇi visṛjanto viśāmpate ||

قال سنجيا: يا سيّدَ الناس! إنّ تلك العربات العشر لآلِ دهارتاراشترا قد أُوقِفَتْ على وجه الدقّة بعشرةٍ من عظماءِ المقاتلين في صفّ الباندافا، وهم يقذفون شتّى أصناف السلاح فيصدّونها: بهيماسينا المتّقد غضبًا؛ ودهريشتاديومنَ ابنُ دروبادا؛ وتوأما مادري، ناكولا وسهاديفا؛ وأبناء دروبادي الخمسة؛ وأبهيمانيو. وفي زحمة القتال قابل كلٌّ قوّةً بقوّة، وكبح العدوّ بمهارةٍ حربيةٍ منضبطة، لا بخضوعٍ لخوفٍ ولا لانفلاتٍ واضطراب.

धार्तराष्ट्रान्the sons of Dhritarashtra / the Dhartarashtras
धार्तराष्ट्रान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootधार्तराष्ट्र (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
दशten
दश:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootदश (संख्या)
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
रथान्chariots
रथान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootरथ (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
दशten
दश:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootदश (संख्या)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
एवindeed/just
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
प्रत्यवारयन्they checked/warded off/stopped
प्रत्यवारयन्:
TypeVerb
Rootप्रति+अव+√वृ (वारयति)
FormImperfect (Laṅ), 3rd, Plural, Parasmaipada
नानाvarious
नाना:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootनाना
रूपाणिforms/kinds
रूपाणि:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootरूप (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Accusative, Plural
शस्त्राणिweapons
शस्त्राणि:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootशस्त्र (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Accusative, Plural
विसृजन्तःhurling/releasing
विसृजन्तः:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootवि+√सृज (सृज्) → विसृजत् (वर्तमान कृदन्त)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural, Present active (Parasmaipada)
विशाम्पतेO lord of the people
विशाम्पते:
TypeNoun
Rootविशाम्-पति (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
D
Dhṛtarāṣṭra (implied by dhārtarāṣṭrāḥ)
D
Dhārtarāṣṭras/Kauravas
B
Bhīmasena
D
Dhṛṣṭadyumna
D
Drupada
M
Mādrī
N
Nakula
S
Sahadeva
D
Draupadī
D
Draupadī’s five sons (Upapāṇḍavas)
A
Abhimanyu
C
chariots (ratha)
W
weapons (śastra)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights disciplined resistance and coordinated duty in war: matched opponents restrain aggression through skill and steadiness, reflecting kṣatriya-dharma—courage, order, and responsibility amid violence.

Sañjaya reports to the king that ten Kaurava chariot-warriors were stopped by ten Pāṇḍava-side heroes—Bhīma, Dhṛṣṭadyumna, Nakula, Sahadeva, Draupadī’s five sons, and Abhimanyu—who attacked with varied weapons and prevented their advance.