Shloka 45

Devanagari script

द्रोण: पाञउ्चालपुत्रेण समागम्य महारणे । महासमुदयं चक्रे शरैः संनतपर्वभि:,द्रोणाचार्यने उस महासमरमें पांचालराजकुमार धृष्टद्युम्नसे भिड़कर झुकी हुई गाँठवाले बहुसंख्यक बाणोंद्वारा बड़ा भारी युद्ध किया

Transliteration

sañjaya uvāca |

droṇaḥ pāñcālaputreṇa samāgamya mahāraṇe |

mahāsamudayaṃ cakre śaraiḥ sannatapārva-bhiḥ ||

Translation

قال سنجيا: في تلك المعركة العظمى لاقى درونا ابنَ بانشالا (دْهْرِشْتَديومنَ) وجهًا لوجه، فأثار هجومًا هائلًا، وأمطره بسهام كثيرة ذات عُقَدٍ منحنية.

Word by Word

• द्रोणः: Drona
• द्रोणः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: द्रोण
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• पाञ्चालपुत्रेण: with the son of the Panchala (Dhrishtadyumna)
• पाञ्चालपुत्रेण: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: पाञ्चालपुत्र
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental, Singular

• समागम्य: having met/encountered
• Type: Verb
• Root: सम् + गम्
• Form: Absolutive (त्वान्त/ल्यप्), Parasmaipada (usage-neutral for absolutive)

• महारणे: in the great battle
• महारणे: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: महारण
• Form: Neuter, Locative, Singular

• महासमुदयम्: a great onslaught/mass (of arrows/attack)
• महासमुदयम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: महासमुदय
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• चक्रे: made/caused
• Type: Verb
• Root: कृ
• Form: Perfect (Liṭ), Third, Singular, Parasmaipada

• शरैः: with arrows
• शरैः: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: शर
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental, Plural

• संनतपर्वभिः: having bent joints/knots (i.e., barbed/knotted)
• संनतपर्वभिः: Karana
• Type: Adjective
• Root: संनतपर्वन्
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental, Plural

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Sañjaya
• Droṇa (Droṇācārya)
• Pāñcāla
• Dhṛṣṭadyumna
• arrows (śara)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse highlights how, in war, personal destinies and rivalries (Droṇa and Dhṛṣṭadyumna) intensify violence; it implicitly raises the ethical tension between kṣatriya-duty to fight and the destructive momentum that such duty can unleash.

What is happening in the narrative?

Sañjaya reports that Droṇa directly engages Dhṛṣṭadyumna in the great battle and unleashes a massive, concentrated attack by firing a multitude of arrows, escalating the combat between them.