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Shloka 38

Bhīṣma’s Fall, the Arrow-bed (śara-talpa), and the Establishment of Guard

उपेन्द्रसदूश: श्यामो महाशाल इवोद्गत: । एष गच्छत्यनीकाग्रे द्वितीय इव फाल्गुन:,“यह देखो, भगवान्‌ विष्णुके समान श्याम और महान्‌ शालवृक्षके समान ऊँचा अभिमन्यु द्वितीय अर्जुनके समान सेनाके आगे-आगे चल रहा है

upendrasadṛśaḥ śyāmo mahāśāla ivodgataḥ | eṣa gacchaty anīkāgre dvitīya iva phālgunaḥ ||

قال سانجيا: «انظروا إلى أبهيمانيو—داكن اللون كأوبيندرا (فيشنو)، شامخًا كشجرة شالا عظيمة. إنه يتقدّم في مقدّمة الصفّ القتالي، كأنه أرجونا ثانٍ».

उपेन्द्र-सदृशःlike Upendra (Vishnu)
उपेन्द्र-सदृशः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootउपेन्द्र + सदृश
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
श्यामःdark-complexioned
श्यामः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootश्याम
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
महाशालःa great śāla-tree (lofty, huge like a śāla)
महाशालः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootमहाशाल
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
इवas/like
इव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव
उद्गतःrisen/lofted up
उद्गतः:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootउद् + गम्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular, क्त (past passive participle)
एषःthis (man)
एषः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootएतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
गच्छतिgoes/proceeds
गच्छति:
TypeVerb
Rootगम्
FormPresent, 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
अनीक-अग्रेat the front of the army
अनीक-अग्रे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootअनीक + अग्र
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
द्वितीयःa second (another like)
द्वितीयः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootद्वितीय
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
इवas/like
इव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव
फाल्गुनःPhālguna (Arjuna)
फाल्गुनः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootफाल्गुन
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
A
Abhimanyu
U
Upendra (Viṣṇu)
P
Phālguna (Arjuna)
Ś
śāla tree
A
anīka (battle-array/army front)

Educational Q&A

The verse underscores the dharmic ideal of courageous leadership: a warrior who accepts responsibility and advances first for the sake of his side, combining strength with steadfast resolve in a righteous struggle.

Sañjaya reports to Dhṛtarāṣṭra that Abhimanyu, compared to Viṣṇu in complexion and to a tall śāla tree in stature, is marching at the very front of the formation, appearing like a second Arjuna.