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Shloka 96

भीष्मपर्व — अध्याय ११०: पार्थभीमयोः प्रहारः तथा भीष्माभिमुखं संग्रामविस्तारः

Arjuna and Bhima’s pressure; escalation toward Bhishma

(कथमस्मद्विध: कृष्ण जानन्‌ धर्म सनातनम्‌ | न्यस्तशस्त्रे च वृद्धे च प्रहरेद्धि पितामहे ।।) “श्रीकृष्ण! अपने सनातन धर्मको जाननेवाला मेरे-जैसा पुरुष हथियार डालकर बैठे हुए अपने बूढ़े पितामहपर प्रहार कैसे करेगा? वायुदेव उवाच प्रतिज्ञाय वध॑ जिष्णो पुरा भीष्मस्य संयुगे | क्षत्रधर्मे स्थित: पार्थ कथं नैनं हनिष्यसि,भगवान्‌ श्रीकृष्ण बोले--विजयी कुन्तीकुमार! तुम क्षत्रियधर्ममें स्थित हो। युद्धमें तुम पहले भीष्मके वधकी प्रतिज्ञा करके अब उन्हें कैसे नहीं मारोगे?

katham asmadvidhaḥ kṛṣṇa jānan dharmaṃ sanātanam | nyastaśastre ca vṛddhe ca prahared dhi pitāmahe ||

vāyudeva uvāca |

pratijñāya vadhaṃ jiṣṇo purā bhīṣmasya saṃyuge | kṣatradharme sthitaḥ pārtha kathaṃ nainaṃ haniṣyasi ||

قال فايُو: «يا كريشنا، كيف لرجلٍ مثلي—يعرف الدارما الأزلية—أن يضرب جدَّه، شيخًا طاعنًا قد ألقى سلاحه؟» وتابع فايُو: «يا جِشنو (أرجونا)، لقد نذرتَ من قبلُ في ساحة القتال أن تُفضي إلى موت بهيشما. وأنت ثابتٌ على دارما الكشاتريا، يا بارثا، فكيف تمتنع الآن عن قتله؟»

कथम्how?
कथम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootकथम्
FormAvyaya
अस्मद्विधःone like me
अस्मद्विधः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootअस्मद्विध
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
कृष्णO Krishna
कृष्ण:
TypeNoun
Rootकृष्ण
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
जानन्knowing
जानन्:
TypeVerb
Rootज्ञा
FormPresent active participle, Masculine, Nominative, Singular
धर्मम्dharma
धर्मम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootधर्म
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
सनातनम्eternal
सनातनम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootसनातन
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
न्यस्तशस्त्रेwhen (he is) having laid down weapons / unarmed
न्यस्तशस्त्रे:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootन्यस्तशस्त्र
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
FormAvyaya
वृद्धेwhen (he is) old
वृद्धे:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootवृद्ध
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
FormAvyaya
प्रहरेत्should strike
प्रहरेत्:
TypeVerb
Rootप्र-हृ
FormOptative (vidhilin), Parasmaipada, 3rd person, Singular
हिindeed
हि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि
FormAvyaya
पितामहेon (my) grandsire (Bhishma)
पितामहे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootपितामह
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular

वायुदेव उवाच

वायुदेव (Vāyu)
कृष्ण (Kṛṣṇa)
अर्जुन (Arjuna: Jiṣṇu, Pārtha)
भीष्म (Bhīṣma, Pitāmaha)
क्षत्रधर्म (kṣatra-dharma)

Educational Q&A

The verse frames a classic dharma-conflict: reverence and compassion toward an aged, disarmed elder versus the binding force of a warrior’s duty and a publicly made vow. It highlights that dharma in the epic is situational and can demand difficult choices where competing obligations must be weighed.

In the Bhīṣma Parva battle setting, Vāyu voices the moral hesitation: striking Bhīṣma, the revered grandsire, especially when he is old and has laid down weapons, seems contrary to eternal dharma. The response (as preserved in this verse’s continuation) presses Arjuna to remember his earlier pledge to bring about Bhīṣma’s death and to act in accordance with kṣatriya-dharma on the battlefield.