Previous Verse
Next Verse

Shloka 32

अनुशासनपर्व अध्याय ९३ — तपस्, सदोपवास, विघसाशन, अतिथिप्रियता

Austerity, regulated fasting, residual-eating, and hospitality

जिन्होंने पुण्य तीर्थोमें गोता लगानेके लिये श्रम--प्रयत्न किया है

bhīṣma uvāca | ye puṇya-tīrtheṣu nimajjanārthaṃ śrama-prayatnaṃ kṛtavantaḥ, veda-mantroccāraṇa-pūrvakam anekān yajñān anuṣṭhāya avabhṛtha-snānaṃ kṛtavantaḥ; ye krodha-rahitāś cañcalatā-rahitāḥ kṣamāśīlā mano-nigrahavantaḥ jitendriyāḥ sarva-bhūta-hitaiṣiṇaś ca, tān eva brāhmaṇān śrāddhe nimantrayitavyān || eteṣu dattam akṣayyam ete vai paṅkti-pāvanāḥ | ime pare mahā-bhāgā vijñeyāḥ paṅkti-pāvanāḥ ||

قال بهيشما: ينبغي في شعيرة الشرادها (śrāddha) أن يُدعى أولئك البراهمة الذين تكبّدوا العناء وبذلوا الجهد للاغتسال في التيـرثا (tīrtha) المقدّسة؛ والذين أقاموا قرابين كثيرة مسبوقة بتلاوة منترات الفيدا، وأتمّوها بالاغتسال الختامي المعروف بالأفابهريثا (avabhṛtha)؛ والذين لا غضب فيهم ولا طيش، صبورون، ضابطون لأذهانهم، قاهرون للحواس، محبّون لخير جميع الكائنات. إن العطاء الممنوح لمثل هؤلاء يصير غير نافد، لأنهم «مطهّرو الصف» (paṅkti-pāvana) يطهّرون صفّ الآكلين كلّه. وإلى جانبهم يوجد براهمة آخرون عِظام الحظ يُعرفون كذلك بـ«مطهّري الصف»؛ فينبغي أن يُعرَفوا هم أيضاً على هذا النحو بوصفهم أهلًا لتلقّي العطاء.

eteṣuamong these / in these (persons)
eteṣu:
Adhikarana
TypePronoun
Rootetad
Formmasculine, locative, plural
dattamgiven (gift/charity)
dattam:
Karma
TypeVerb
Rootdā (√dā)
Formkta (past passive participle), neuter, nominative/accusative, singular
akṣayyamimperishable, inexhaustible
akṣayyam:
TypeAdjective
Rootakṣayya
Formneuter, nominative/accusative, singular
etethese (men)
ete:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootetad
Formmasculine, nominative, plural
vaiindeed, surely
vai:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootvai
paṅkti-pāvanāḥpurifiers of the (dining) line/row
paṅkti-pāvanāḥ:
TypeAdjective
Rootpaṅkti-pāvana
Formmasculine, nominative, plural
imethese (others)
ime:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootidam
Formmasculine, nominative, plural
pareother, further
pare:
TypeAdjective
Rootpara
Formmasculine, nominative, plural
mahā-bhāgāḥvery fortunate, highly blessed
mahā-bhāgāḥ:
TypeAdjective
Rootmahā-bhāga
Formmasculine, nominative, plural
vijñeyāḥare to be known/recognized
vijñeyāḥ:
TypeVerb
Rootvi-√jñā
Formtavya (gerundive), masculine, nominative, plural, passive-necessitative
paṅkti-pāvanāḥpurifiers of the (dining) line/row
paṅkti-pāvanāḥ:
TypeAdjective
Rootpaṅkti-pāvana
Formmasculine, nominative, plural

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma (Bhīṣma)
B
Brahmins (Brāhmaṇāḥ)
P
puṇya-tīrtha (sacred pilgrimage places)
V
Veda-mantras
Y
yajña (sacrifices)
A
avabhṛtha-snāna
Ś
śrāddha

Educational Q&A

In śrāddha, the worthiness of invitees matters: those who combine Vedic-ritual accomplishment with ethical virtues—non-anger, steadiness, forgiveness, self-restraint, sense-control, and universal benevolence—make the offering ‘akṣayya’ (inexhaustible in merit) and are called paṅkti-pāvanas, purifying the entire dining line.

Bhishma is instructing (as a dharma-teacher) on the proper conduct of śrāddha rites, specifically identifying the kinds of Brahmins who should be invited and explaining why gifts to them yield enduring spiritual results.