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Shloka 8

Śrāddha-pravṛtti-kathana and Varjya-dravya-nirdeśa

Origin and Prohibitions in Śrāddha

आजेन वापि लौहेन मघास्वेव यतव्रत: । हस्तिच्छायासु विधिवत्‌ कर्णव्यजनवीजितम्‌,“अथवा वह नियमपूर्वक व्रतका पालन करके मघा नक्षत्रमें ही हाथीके शरीरकी छायामें बैठकर उसके कानरूपी व्यजनसे हवा लेता हुआ अन्न-विशेष-चावलका बना हुआ पायस या लौहशाकसे विधिपूर्वक हमारा श्राद्ध करेगा?

ājena vāpi lauhena maghāsveva yatavrataḥ | hasticchāyāsu vidhivat karṇavyajanavījitam ||

قال بهيشما: «أو ليحفظ نذره بانضباط صارم، وليقم شرادها (śrāddha) لنا على الوجه الصحيح في نجم مَغها (Maghā) نفسه—جالسًا في ظلّ ما يلقيه جسد الفيل، تُهَوِّيه أذن الفيل كأنها مروحة طقسية—مقدّمًا، وفق الشعيرة، إمّا باياسا من الأرز أو إعدادًا من لاوها-شاك (lauhā-śāka).»

आजेन्with goat-meat / by (means of) goat
आजेन्:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootअज (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
वाor
वा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवा (अव्यय)
अपिalso / even
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि (अव्यय)
लौहेनwith iron (food) / with lauha-vegetable
लौहेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootलौह (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
मघासुin (the time of) Maghā (nakṣatra)
मघासु:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootमघा (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine, Locative, Plural
एवindeed / only
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव (अव्यय)
यतव्रतःone of restrained vows / observing vows
यतव्रतः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootयत-व्रत (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
हस्ति-च्छायासुin the shade(s) of an elephant
हस्ति-च्छायासु:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootहस्ति-च्छाया (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine, Locative, Plural
विधिवत्according to rule / duly
विधिवत्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootविधिवत् (अव्यय)
कर्ण-व्यजन-वीजितम्fanned by an ear-fan (i.e., by the elephant’s ears as fans)
कर्ण-व्यजन-वीजितम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootकर्ण-व्यजन-वीजित (प्रातिपदिक; कृदन्त)
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma
M
Maghā nakshatra
E
elephant (hasti)
Ś
śrāddha (ancestral rite)
P
pāyasa (rice pudding offering)
L
lauhā-śāka (named vegetable preparation)

Educational Q&A

The verse emphasizes disciplined observance of prescribed rites: śrāddha should be performed with proper procedure (vidhivat), appropriate offerings, and attention to auspicious timing (Maghā), showing that dharma is upheld through careful, rule-governed ancestral duty.

Bhishma is describing a specific, rule-bound mode of performing śrāddha: during the Maghā nakṣatra, the performer—steadfast in vows—sits in an elephant’s shade and is fanned by the elephant’s ears, while offering designated foods such as rice-pāyasa or lauhā-śāka, underscoring the ritual’s exacting conditions.