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Shloka 39

Cyavana’s Water-Vow and the Ethics of Cohabitation (स्नेह-सम्वास-धर्मः)

यथा न सदृशी जात_ु ब्राह्म॒ण्या: क्षत्रिया भवेत्‌

yathā na sadṛśī jātu brāhmaṇyāḥ kṣatriyā bhavet

قال بهيشما: «كما أنّ المرأة الكشترية (Kṣatriya) لا يمكنها قط أن تكون على الحقيقة نِدًّا للمرأة البرهمية (Brāhmaṇa).» وفي هذا الإرشاد يؤكد بهيشما التراتب التقليدي للڤَرْنَة (varṇa) القائم على الدارما، وما يُنتظر من كل نظام اجتماعي من مُثُلٍ متميزة، عارضًا ذلك بوصفه معيارًا أخلاقيًا للسلوك والمكانة لا مسألةَ ميلٍ شخصي.

यथाjust as / as
यथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयथा
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
सदृशीsimilar / equal
सदृशी:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootसदृश
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
जातुever / at any time
जातु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootजातु
ब्राह्मण्याa Brahmin woman
ब्राह्मण्या:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootब्राह्मण्या
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
क्षत्रियाa Kshatriya woman
क्षत्रिया:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootक्षत्रिया
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
भवेत्would be / could become
भवेत्:
TypeVerb
Rootभू
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma
B
Brahmana woman (brāhmaṇī)
K
Kshatriya woman (kṣatriyā)

Educational Q&A

The verse asserts a traditional dharma-based distinction between varṇas, stating that a Kṣatriya woman is not regarded as comparable to a Brāhmaṇa woman, reflecting the text’s normative view of social hierarchy and role-based ideals.

Bhīṣma is delivering didactic counsel in the Anuśāsana Parva, framing social and ethical norms; here he uses a general maxim about varṇa distinctions to support his broader instruction on dharma and proper conduct.