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Shloka 35

Dāyavibhāga (Inheritance Apportionment) and Household Precedence — Dialogue of Yudhiṣṭhira and Bhīṣma

तस्मादा ग्रहणात्‌ पाणेर्याचयन्ति परस्परम्‌ । कन्यावर: पुरा दत्तो मरुद्धिरिति न: श्रुतम्‌,जबतक कन्याका पाणिग्रहण संस्कार सम्पन्न न हो जाय तबतक कन्याको माँगना चाहिये। ऐसा कन्याओंके लिये मरुदगणोंने पहले वर दिया है, अर्थात्‌ अधिकार दिया है-- यह हमारे सुननेमें आया है। इसलिये पाणिग्रहण होनेके पहलेतक वर और कन्या आपसमें एक-दूसरेके लिये प्रार्थना कर सकते हैं

tasmād āgrahaṇāt pāṇer yācayanti parasparam | kanyāvaraḥ purā datto marudbhir iti naḥ śrutam ||

قال بهيشما: لذلك، قبل أن يكتمل طقسُ أخذ يد العروس (pāṇigrahaṇa)، يجوز للرجل والفتاة أن يطلب كلٌّ منهما الآخر—فلكلٍّ أن يتقدّم بطلبٍ إلى صاحبه. وقد سمعنا أن الماروت (Maruts) في الأزمنة السالفة منحوا هذا «الحق في اختيار الفتاة والخاطب» بوصفه حقًّا مُقَرًّا. ومن ثمّ، فإلى أن تُؤدَّى مراسم أخذ اليد، تُباح المراجعة والطلب المتبادل بين العروسين المرتقبين.

तस्मात्therefore/from that
तस्मात्:
Apadana
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Ablative, Singular
आग्रहणात्before the taking (i.e., prior to the act of taking)
आग्रहणात्:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootआग्रहण
FormNeuter, Ablative, Singular
पाणेःof the hand (pāṇi; in context: of the hand-taking rite)
पाणेः:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootपाणि
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
याचयन्तिthey ask/request
याचयन्ति:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootयाच्
FormPresent, Third, Plural, Parasmaipada
परस्परम्mutually/each other
परस्परम्:
Karma
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपरस्पर
कन्यावराḥsuitors of maidens (lit. maiden-suitors)
कन्यावराḥ:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootकन्यावरा
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
पुराformerly/earlier
पुरा:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपुरा
दत्तःgiven/granted
दत्तः:
Karma
TypeVerb
Rootदा (ददाति)
Formक्त (past passive participle), Masculine, Nominative, Singular
मरुद्भिःby the Maruts
मरुद्भिः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootमरुत्
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
इतिthus/so (quotative)
इति:
Karma
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइति
नःof us/to us (our)
नः:
Sampradana
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
Form—, Genitive, Plural
श्रुतम्heard/it is heard
श्रुतम्:
Karma
TypeVerb
Rootश्रु
Formक्त (past passive participle), Neuter, Nominative, Singular

भीष्य उवाच

B
Bhīṣma
M
Maruts

Educational Q&A

Until the pāṇigrahaṇa rite is performed, the prospective bride and groom are not yet ritually bound; therefore, mutual seeking/asking is allowed. The passage grounds this permissibility in traditional authority attributed to the Maruts.

Bhīṣma is explaining norms of marriage-dharma: he clarifies when a match becomes binding and cites an old tradition—said to be granted by the Maruts—to justify that prior to the hand-taking ceremony, the parties may still request or choose one another.