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Shloka 183

Ahiṃsā as Threefold Restraint (Mind–Speech–Action) and the Ethics of Consumption

एतत्‌ त्रयमवाप्तव्यमधर्मपरिवर्जितम्‌ | धर्म, अर्थ और काम--ये तीन जीवनके फल हैं, अतः मनुष्यको अधर्मके त्यागपूर्वक इन तीनोंको उपलब्ध करना चाहिये

etat trayam avāptavyam adharmaparivarjitam | dharma-artha-kāmāḥ trayo jīvanaphalāni, ataḥ manuṣyeṇa adharmasya tyāgapūrvakaṃ etāni trīṇi avāptavyāni ||

قال يودهيشثيرا: «هذه الثلاثة ينبغي أن تُنال، ولكن من غير اللجوء إلى الأدهرما (اللااستقامة). فالدهرما، والأرثا، والكاما—هي ثمار حياة الإنسان الثلاث؛ لذلك لا ينبغي للمرء أن يظفر بها جميعًا إلا بعد أن ينبذ الأدهرما.»

एतत्this
एतत्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootएतद्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
त्रयम्a triad; threefold set
त्रयम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootत्रय
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
अवाप्तव्यम्to be obtained; should be attained
अवाप्तव्यम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootअवाप्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular, Gerundive (तव्यत्), passive necessity
अधर्मby/with unrighteousness; by adharma
अधर्म:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootअधर्म
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
परिवर्जितम्avoided; shunned; excluded
परिवर्जितम्:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootपरि + वर्ज्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular, Past passive participle (क्त)

युधिछिर उवाच

Y
Yudhiṣṭhira

Educational Q&A

Human goals—dharma (righteousness), artha (material welfare), and kāma (legitimate enjoyment)—may be pursued, but only by excluding adharma; ethical means are non-negotiable even when seeking prosperity or pleasure.

In the Anuśāsana Parva’s instruction-focused dialogue, Yudhiṣṭhira articulates a normative principle about the proper pursuit of life’s aims, emphasizing that the three goals must be sought with the prior abandonment of unrighteous conduct.