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Shloka 32

आचारप्रशंसा

Praise of Ācāra as the Basis of Longevity, Fame, and Prosperity

वाक्सायका वदनान्निष्पतन्ति यैराहत: शोचति रात्र्यहानि । परस्य वा मर्मसु ये पतन्ति तान्‌ पण्डितो नावसूजेत्‌ परेषु

vāksāyakā vadanān niṣpatanti yair āhataḥ śocati rātryahāni | parasya vā marmasu ye patanti tān paṇḍito nāvasūjet pareṣu ||

قال بهيشما: «الكلمات سهامٌ تنطلق من الفم؛ فإذا أُصيب بها المرء حزن ليله ونهاره. لذلك لا ينبغي للحكيم أن يقذف بها إلى الآخرين—تلك الكلمات التي تقع في مواضعهم الدقيقة الحسّاسة وتطعن مَكامنهم.»

वाक्speech, word
वाक्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootवाच्
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
सायकाarrows
सायका:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसायका
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
वदनात्from the mouth
वदनात्:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootवदन
FormNeuter, Ablative, Singular
निष्पतन्तिfly out, shoot forth
निष्पतन्ति:
TypeVerb
Rootनिष्+पत्
FormPresent, Indicative, Third, Plural, Parasmaipada
यैःby which
यैः:
Karana
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Plural
आहतःstruck, wounded
आहतः:
TypeAdjective
Rootआ+हन् (क्त)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
शोचतिgrieves
शोचति:
TypeVerb
Rootशुच्
FormPresent, Indicative, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
रात्रि-अहानिnights and days
रात्रि-अहानि:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootरात्रि + अहन्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Plural
परस्यof another
परस्य:
TypeAdjective
Rootपर
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Singular
वाor
वा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवा
मर्मसुin the vital spots, sensitive points
मर्मसु:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootमर्मन्
FormNeuter, Locative, Plural
येwho, which
ये:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
पतन्तिfall, strike, land
पतन्ति:
TypeVerb
Rootपत्
FormPresent, Indicative, Third, Plural, Parasmaipada
तान्those (words)
तान्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
पण्डितःa wise man
पण्डितः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपण्डित
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अवसूजेत्should not utter/let loose
अवसूजेत्:
TypeVerb
Rootअव+सृज्
FormAorist (injunctive/precative usage), Optative (vidhi/niyama sense), Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
परेषुtowards others, among others
परेषु:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootपर
FormMasculine, Locative, Plural

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhīṣma
V
vāk (speech/words)
S
sāyaka (arrow)
M
marman (vital/sensitive points)

Educational Q&A

Speech can wound as deeply as weapons; therefore one should restrain oneself from uttering words that strike another’s vulnerable points and cause lasting sorrow.

In Anuśāsana Parva, Bhīṣma instructs on dharma and proper conduct; here he warns that verbal cruelty inflicts enduring pain, so the wise avoid such speech toward others.