Shloka 31

Āloka-dāna (Dīpa-dāna), Sumanas–Dhūpa–Dīpa Phala: Manu–Suvarṇa and Śukra–Bali Exempla

Devanagari script

तीक्ष्णवीर्यस्ति भूतानां दुरालम्भा: सकण्टका: । रक्तभूयिष्ठवर्णाश्न कृष्णाश्वलैवोपहारयेत्‌

Transliteration

tīkṣṇavīryāsti bhūtānāṃ durālambhāḥ sakaṇṭakāḥ | raktabhūyiṣṭhavarṇāś ca kṛṣṇāś cāśvalaiḥ upahārayet ||

Translation

قال شُكرا: «ولأمثال البهوتا من الكائنات الروحية تُقدَّم أزهارٌ ذات قوّة حادّة صارمة: أزهارٌ عسيرةُ التناول، كثيرةُ الشوك، يغلب عليها اللون الأحمر أو الأسود. فمثل هذه القرابين تُعدّ لائقةً بتلك الأرواح وطقوسها».

Word by Word

• {'tīkṣṇa-vīrya': 'of sharp/strong potency

• intense in effect', 'bhūtānām': 'of bhūtas

• spirits/elemental beings (often classed with ghosts)', 'durālambhāḥ': 'difficult to grasp/handle

• hard to touch or pick up', 'sakaṇṭakāḥ': 'with thorns

• thorny', 'rakta-bhūyiṣṭha-varṇāḥ': 'having color mostly red

• predominantly red-hued', 'kṛṣṇāḥ': 'black/dark-colored', 'upahārayet': 'one should offer/present (as an offering)'}

Speaker

शुक्र उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Śukra
• bhūta (spirits)
• flowers (offerings)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

Offerings should be matched to the nature of the recipient: for bhūtas and similar spirits, flowers characterized by sharp potency, thorniness, and intense red/black coloration are prescribed as suitable.

What is happening in the narrative?

Śukra is giving ritual guidance within Anuśāsana Parva, specifying the type of flowers to be presented in rites connected with bhūtas (spirit-beings), emphasizing qualities believed to align with their temperament and mode of worship.