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Shloka 3

Ādi Parva, Adhyāya 90 — Pūror Vaṃśa, Kuru-Pravara, and the Janamejaya Line

Genealogical Recitation

जटद्टक उवाच अवादीस्त्वं वयसा य: प्रवृद्ध: स वै राजन नाभ्यधिक: कथ्यते च | यो विद्यया तपसा सम्प्रवृद्ध: स एव पूज्यो भवति द्विजानाम्‌,अष्टक बोले--राजन्‌! आपने कहा है कि जो अवस्थामें बड़ा हो, वही अधिक सम्माननीय कहा जाता है। परंतु द्विजोंमें तो जो विद्या और तपस्यामें बढ़ा-चढ़ा हो, वही पूज्य होता है

Jāṭaṭaka uvāca: avādīs tvaṃ vayasaḥ yaḥ pravṛddhaḥ sa vai rājan nābhyadhikaḥ kathyate ca | yo vidyayā tapasā sampravṛddhaḥ sa eva pūjyo bhavati dvijānām ||

قال جَاṭَṭَكَة: «أيّها الملك، لقد قلتَ إنّ من تقدّم في السنّ يُقال إنّه أحقّ بالاحترام. غير أنّه بين ذوي الميلادين (الدِّوِجَة)، إنّما يُكرَّم حقًّا من عَظُم بالعلم وبالتقشّف (التَّبَس).»

जटद्टकःJatadṭaka (proper name)
जटद्टकः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootजटद्टक
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
उवाचsaid
उवाच:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormPerfect, 3, Singular, Parasmaipada
अवादीःyou said
अवादीः:
TypeVerb
Rootवद्
FormImperfect, 2, Singular, Parasmaipada
त्वम्you
त्वम्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
Form—, Nominative, Singular
वयसाby age
वयसा:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootवयस्
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
यःwho
यः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
प्रवृद्धःgrown/advanced (elder)
प्रवृद्धः:
TypeAdjective
Rootप्रवृद्ध
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
सःhe
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
वैindeed
वै:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवै
राजन्O king
राजन्:
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अभ्यधिकःsuperior, more worthy
अभ्यधिकः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootअभ्यधिक
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
कथ्यतेis said/called
कथ्यते:
TypeVerb
Rootकथ्
FormPresent, 3, Singular, Atmanepada (passive sense)
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
यःwho
यः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
विद्ययाby knowledge/learning
विद्यया:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootविद्या
FormFeminine, Instrumental, Singular
तपसाby austerity
तपसा:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootतपस्
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
सम्प्रवृद्धःwell advanced/grown
सम्प्रवृद्धः:
TypeAdjective
Rootसम्प्रवृद्ध
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
सःhe
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
एवalone/indeed
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
पूज्यःworthy of worship/respect
पूज्यः:
TypeAdjective
Rootपूज्य
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
भवतिbecomes/is
भवति:
TypeVerb
Rootभू
FormPresent, 3, Singular, Parasmaipada
द्विजानाम्of the twice-born (Brahmins etc.)
द्विजानाम्:
TypeNoun
Rootद्विज
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural

जटद्टक उवाच

J
Jāṭaṭaka
R
Rājan (the King)
D
Dvija (the twice-born)

Educational Q&A

True honor is not determined merely by seniority in age; among the twice-born, the person who is superior in learning (vidyā) and austerity (tapas) is the one deserving reverence.

Jāṭaṭaka addresses a king and challenges the idea that age alone makes someone ‘greater,’ asserting instead a dharmic standard of respect grounded in spiritual discipline and knowledge.