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Shloka 20

Ruru’s Lament and the Lifespan Exchange for Pramadvarā (रुरु–प्रमद्वरा आयुर्विभागः)

स दृष्टवा जिद्दागान्‌ सर्वास्तीव्रकोपसमन्वित: । अभिहन्ति यथासत्त्वं गृह प्रहरणं सदा,वह सर्पोको देखते ही अत्यन्त क्रोधमें भर जाता और हाथमें डंडा ले उनपर यथाशक्ति प्रहार करता था

sa dṛṣṭvā jiddāgān sarvāstīvrakopasamanvitaḥ | abhihanti yathāsattvaṃ gṛha-praharaṇaṃ sadā ||

ما إن رأى تلك الكائنات جميعًا حتى استبدّت به ثورة غضبٍ عاتية؛ فأخذ سلاحًا من أدوات البيت (عصًا) وراح يضربها بكل ما أوتي من قوة—يفعل ذلك بدافع السخط المندفع لا بضبطٍ موزونٍ ورويّة.

सःhe
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
दृष्ट्वाhaving seen
दृष्ट्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootदृश्
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage-neutral), prior action
जिद्दागान्Jiddāgas (a group/name; as objects seen/struck)
जिद्दागान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootजिद्दाग
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
सर्वान्all (of them)
सर्वान्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootसर्व
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
तीव्र-कोप-समन्वितःendowed with intense anger
तीव्र-कोप-समन्वितः:
TypeAdjective
Rootसमन्वित
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अभिहन्तिstrikes, smites
अभिहन्ति:
TypeVerb
Rootअभि-हन्
FormPresent, Indicative, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
यथाas, according to
यथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयथा
सत्त्वम्strength, ability
सत्त्वम्:
TypeNoun
Rootसत्त्व
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
गृह्यhaving taken
गृह्य:
TypeVerb
Rootग्रह्
Formल्यप् (gerund), Parasmaipada (usage-neutral), prior action
प्रहरणम्a weapon (staff/club)
प्रहरणम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootप्रहरण
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
सदाalways
सदा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसदा

धर्मराज उवाच

D
Dharmarāja (speaker)
H
household staff/club (gṛha-praharaṇa)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights how uncontrolled anger leads to disproportionate harm: when one is overtaken by tīvra-kopa, one acts impulsively and violently, contrary to dharma and self-restraint.

Dharmarāja describes a person who, upon seeing the creatures before him, becomes extremely angry, picks up a household weapon like a stick, and strikes them as much as he can.