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Shloka 49

Śukra’s Ultimatum and Devayānī’s Demand (शुक्र-प्रतिज्ञा तथा देवयानी-वर-याचना)

नाध्यगच्छत्‌ तदा तृप्तिं कामानां स महायशा: । अवेत्य मनसा राजन्निमां गाथां तदा जगौ,परंतु उस समय भी महायशस्वी ययाति काम-भोगसे तृप्त न हो सके। राजन! उन्होंने मनसे विचारकर यह निश्चय कर लिया कि विषयोंके भोगनेसे भोगेच्छा कभी शान्त नहीं हो सकती। तब राजाने (संसारके हितके लिये) यह गाथा गायी--

nādhygacchat tadā tṛptiṁ kāmānāṁ sa mahāyaśāḥ | avetya manasā rājann imāṁ gāthāṁ tadā jagau ||

قال فايشَمبايانا: ومع ذلك لم ينل ذلك الملك العظيم الصيت قناعةً من اللذّات. أيها الملك، إذ أدرك في قلبه أنّ الانغماس في موضوعات الحواس لا يُسكِت الشهوة لها حقًّا، نطق حينئذٍ بهذه الأبيات—وأنشدها لخير العالم.

not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अध्यगच्छत्attained, reached
अध्यगच्छत्:
TypeVerb
Rootअधि-गम्
FormLan (Imperfect), Parasmaipada, 3, singular
तदाthen, at that time
तदा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतदा
तृप्तिम्satisfaction, contentment
तृप्तिम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootतृप्ति
Formfeminine, accusative, singular
कामानाम्of desires/pleasures
कामानाम्:
TypeNoun
Rootकाम
Formmasculine, genitive, plural
सःhe
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
महायशाःof great fame
महायशाः:
TypeAdjective
Rootमहायशस्
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
अवेत्यhaving understood/known
अवेत्य:
TypeVerb
Rootअव-इ
FormAbsolutive (Gerund), क्त्वा/ल्यप् (irregularly appearing as -त्य), active
मनसाwith the mind
मनसा:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootमनस्
Formneuter, instrumental, singular
राजन्O king
राजन्:
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
Formmasculine, vocative, singular
इमाम्this
इमाम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootइदम्
Formfeminine, accusative, singular
गाथाम्verse, song
गाथाम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootगाथा
Formfeminine, accusative, singular
तदाthen
तदा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतदा
जगौsang, recited
जगौ:
TypeVerb
Rootगै
FormLit (Perfect), Parasmaipada, 3, singular

वैशम्पायन उवाच

V
Vaiśampāyana
Y
Yayāti

Educational Q&A

Sense-enjoyment does not bring lasting satisfaction; indulging desires tends to sustain or increase craving rather than extinguish it, so true peace requires discernment and restraint.

In the Yayāti episode, the king remains unsated despite pleasures; realizing internally that enjoyment cannot end desire, he prepares to voice a didactic gāthā for the benefit of others.