Shloka 16

खाण्डवदाहे देवविमुखता तथा मयदानवाभयदानम् | Khāṇḍava Burning: Devas Withdraw; Maya Granted Protection

Devanagari script

तच्छुत्वा वृष्णिवीरास्ते मदसंरक्तलोचना: । अमृष्यमाणा: पार्थस्य समुत्पेतुरहंकृता:,यह सुनते ही युद्धोन्‍्मादसे लाल नेत्रोंवाले वृष्णि-वंशी वीर अर्जुनके प्रति अमर्षसे भर गये और गर्वसे उछल पड़े

Transliteration

tac chrutvā vṛṣṇivīrās te madasaṁraktalocanāḥ | amṛṣyamāṇāḥ pārthasya samutpetur ahaṅkṛtāḥ ||

Translation

فلما سمعوا ذلك، لم يطق أولئك المحاربون من آل فْرِشْنِي—وقد احمرّت عيونهم بسُكر المعركة—أن يصبروا على ما يتعلّق ببارثا (أرجونا). وانتفخوا كبرياءً، فوثبوا غضابًا، مستعدين للفعل.

Word by Word

• तत्: that (speech/statement)
• तत्: Karma
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: neuter, accusative, singular

• श्रुत्वा: having heard
• श्रुत्वा: Adhikarana
• Type: Verb
• Root: श्रु (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), parasmaipada (usage-neutral here)

• वृष्णिवीराः: the heroes of the Vrishni clan
• वृष्णिवीराः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: वृष्णिवीर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: masculine, nominative, plural

• ते: they
• ते: Karta
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: masculine, nominative, plural

• मदसंरक्तलोचनाः: whose eyes were reddened with intoxication/war-frenzy
• मदसंरक्तलोचनाः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: मद-संरक्त-लोचन (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: masculine, nominative, plural

• अमृष्यमाणाः: not enduring; being unable to tolerate
• अमृष्यमाणाः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: मृष् (धातु) / अमृष्यमाण (प्रातिपदिक from present passive/atmanepada participle)
• Form: शानच् (present participle, atmanepada), masculine, nominative, plural

• पार्थस्य: of Partha (Arjuna)
• पार्थस्य: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: पार्थ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: masculine, genitive, singular

• समुत्पेतुः: leapt up; sprang up
• समुत्पेतुः: Karta
• Type: Verb
• Root: सम्-उत्-पत् (धातु)
• Form: perfect (लिट्), third, plural, parasmaipada

• अहंकृताः: made arrogant; puffed up with pride
• अहंकृताः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अहंकृत (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: masculine, nominative, plural

Speaker

वैशम्पायन उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Vaiśampāyana
• Vṛṣṇi warriors
• Pārtha (Arjuna)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse highlights how unchecked mada (martial intoxication/pride) and ahaṅkāra (ego) quickly turn hearing into hostile reaction; ethically, it warns that resentment and wounded honor can eclipse discernment and propel conflict.

What is happening in the narrative?

After hearing some provoking report or statement, the Vṛṣṇi clan’s warriors become inflamed—eyes reddened with battle-frenzy—and, unable to tolerate it concerning Arjuna, they leap up in proud indignation, poised for confrontation.