Shloka 19

Saṃnyāsa-dharma — Qualifications, Threefold Renunciation, and the Conduct of the Yati

Devanagari script

नैकत्र निवसेद् देशे वर्षाभ्यो ऽन्यत्र भिक्षुकः / स्नानशौचरतो नित्यं कमण्डलुकरः शुचिः

Transliteration

naikatra nivased deśe varṣābhyo 'nyatra bhikṣukaḥ / snānaśaucarato nityaṃ kamaṇḍalukaraḥ śuciḥ

Translation

لا ينبغي للمتسوّل الزاهد أن يقيم في موضعٍ واحد إلا في موسم الأمطار؛ وفي سائر الأوقات فليعش في موضعٍ آخر. وليكن مواظبًا على الاغتسال والطهارة دائمًا، حاملًا كَمَنْدَلوه (إناء الماء)، ثابتًا على النقاء.

Word by Word

• न: not
• न: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/निषेध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न (अव्यय)
• Form: निषेधार्थक-अव्यय (particle of negation)

• एकत्र: in one place
• एकत्र: Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एकत्र (अव्यय)
• Form: देशवाचक-अव्यय (adverb of place)

• निवसेत्: should reside
• निवसेत्: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: नि-√वस् (धातु)
• Form: विधिलिङ् (Optative), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; ‘should dwell’

• देशे: in a place/region
• देशे: Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: देश (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (अधिकरण), एकवचन

• वर्षाभ्यः: from/after the rains
• वर्षाभ्यः: Apadana (अपादान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वर्षा (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, पञ्चमी (अपादान), बहुवचन; ‘from the rains/after the rainy season(s)’

• अन्यत्र: elsewhere
• अन्यत्र: Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अन्यत्र (अव्यय)
• Form: देशवाचक-अव्यय (adverb of place)

• भिक्षुकः: mendicant/beggar-monk
• भिक्षुकः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: भिक्षुक (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (कर्ता), एकवचन

• स्नान-शौचरतः: devoted to bathing and purity
• स्नान-शौचरतः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: स्नान (प्रातिपदिक) + शौच (प्रातिपदिक) + रत (कृदन्त; √रम्/√रञ्ज् ‘to delight/be attached’)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (कर्ता), एकवचन; ‘स्नानं च शौचं च’ (dvandva) + रत (क्त/निष्ठा-प्रत्यय), विशेषण—‘devoted to bathing and cleanliness’

• नित्यम्: always
• नित्यम्: Kala (काल)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: नित्य (प्रातिपदिक/अव्ययीभावप्रयोग)
• Form: कालवाचक-अव्यय (adverb of time)

• कमण्डलु-करः: carrying a water-pot
• कमण्डलु-करः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: कमण्डलु (प्रातिपदिक) + कर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (कर्ता), एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष/उपपद-तत्पुरुष—‘कमण्डलुं करो यस्य/कमण्डलु-धारकः’ (having/holding a water-pot)

• शुचिः: pure/clean
• शुचिः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: शुचि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (कर्ता), एकवचन; विशेषण

Speaker

Lord Kūrma (Viṣṇu) instructing on dharma-yoga discipline

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: vira

Characters & Entities

• Kūrma (Viṣṇu)
• bhikṣuka
• kamaṇḍalu
• varṣā (rainy season)

More Details (4 sections)

FAQs

How does this verse explain the nature of the Supreme Self (Atman)?

By emphasizing śauca (inner–outer purity) and non-attachment to place, the verse points to the Atman as unstained and free; the mendicant’s disciplined life mirrors that purity through conduct.

What Yoga or Meditative practices are highlighted here?

It highlights preparatory yogic discipline (yama/niyama-style observances): wandering without clinging, seasonal restraint (staying put only in the rains), and constant snāna–śauca as supports for steadiness in japa, dhyāna, and Pāśupata-oriented sādhanā.

How does this verse depict the relationship between Shiva and Vishnu?

Though framed by Lord Kūrma (Viṣṇu), the teaching aligns with Śaiva-Pāśupata ascetic norms—showing the Purāṇa’s synthesis where devotion and discipline are shared across Vaiṣṇava and Śaiva yogic-dharmic paths.