Shloka 25

Dāna-dharma: Types of Charity, Worthy Recipients, Vrata-Timings, and Śiva–Viṣṇu Propitiation

Devanagari script

माघमासे तु विप्रस्तु द्वादश्यां समुपोषितः / शुक्लाम्वरधरः कृष्णैस्तिलैर्हुत्वा हुताशनम्

Transliteration

māghamāse tu viprastu dvādaśyāṃ samupoṣitaḥ / śuklāmvaradharaḥ kṛṣṇaistilairhutvā hutāśanam

Translation

في شهرِ ماغها، ينبغي للبراهمي أن يصوم صومًا صحيحًا في يومِ دْفادَشِي؛ مرتديًا ثيابًا بيضاء، وبعد إيقاد النار المقدسة على الوجه اللائق، يقدّم السِّمْسِمَ الأسود قربانًا في اللهيب.

Word by Word

• माघमासे: in the month of Māgha
• माघमासे: Adhikarana (अधिकरणम्)
• Type: Noun
• Root: माघमास (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (अधिकरण), एकवचन

• तु: indeed/and
• तु: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/निपात)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तु (अव्यय)
• Form: निपात (particle)

• विप्रः: a Brahmin
• विप्रः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: विप्र (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (कर्ता), एकवचन

• तु: indeed/and
• तु: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/निपात)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तु (अव्यय)
• Form: निपात (particle)

• द्वादश्याम्: on the twelfth lunar day
• द्वादश्याम्: Adhikarana (अधिकरणम्)
• Type: Noun
• Root: द्वादशी (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (अधिकरण), एकवचन

• समुपोषितः: having fasted
• समुपोषितः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सम् + उप + वस्/उपवस् (धातु) → उपोषित (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: भूतकृदन्त (क्त), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; ‘विप्रः’ इत्यस्य विशेषण; अर्थः ‘उपवासं कृतवान्’

• शुक्लाम्बरधरः: wearing white garments
• शुक्लाम्बरधरः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: शुक्ल + अम्बर + धर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; ‘विप्रः’ इत्यस्य विशेषण

• कृष्णैः: with black
• कृष्णैः: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: कृष्ण (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुं/नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया (करण), बहुवचन; ‘तिलैः’ इत्यस्य विशेषण

• तिलैः: with sesame seeds
• तिलैः: Karana (करणम्)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तिल (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (करण), बहुवचन

• हुत्वा: having offered (as oblation)
• हुत्वा: Purvakala (पूर्वकालक्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: हु (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वान्त (absolutive/gerund), अव्यय; पूर्वक्रिया—‘हवनं कृत्वा’

• हुताशनम्: the fire (Agni)
• हुताशनम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: हुत + अशन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (कर्म), एकवचन; ‘हुतं अश्नाति’ इति बहुव्रीहिः—अग्निः

Speaker

Narratorial instruction within a vrata-dharma section (traditional Purāṇic teaching voice, ultimately framed as Kurma Purana’s dharma-upadeśa)

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: vira

Characters & Entities

• Māgha
• Dvādaśī
• Agni
• tila (sesame)

More Details (3 sections)

FAQs

How does this verse explain the nature of the Supreme Self (Atman)?

Indirectly: it emphasizes śuddhi (purification) through vrata and homa—outer discipline that, in Kurma Purana’s broader teaching, supports inner clarity required for realizing the Self.

What Yoga or Meditative practices are highlighted here?

The verse highlights preparatory sādhana: upavāsa (fasting), śauca and niyama-like restraint, and homa (fire-offering). In Kurma Purana’s synthesis, such disciplined observances steady the mind and make it fit for higher yoga and devotion.

How does this verse depict the relationship between Shiva and Vishnu?

Not explicitly in this line; however, the Kurma Purana commonly frames such vratas as universally dhārmic acts whose merit supports both Vaiṣṇava and Śaiva orientations, aligning with its Shiva–Vishnu harmony.