Shloka 18

Śrāddha-vidhi for Pitṛs: Invitations, Purity, Offerings, and Conduct

Devanagari script

तिलान् प्रविकिरेत् तत्र सर्वतो बन्धयेदजान् / असुरोपहतं सर्वं तिलैः शुद्ध्यत्यजेन वा

Transliteration

tilān pravikiret tatra sarvato bandhayedajān / asuropahataṃ sarvaṃ tilaiḥ śuddhyatyajena vā

Translation

هناك يُنثَر السمسم في كلّ الجهات، وتُربَط الماعز من كلّ ناحية. وكلّ ما أصابته آثارٌ أَسورية يُطهَّر: إمّا بالسمسم وإمّا بماعزٍ (في الطقس).

Word by Word

• तिलान्: sesame seeds
• तिलान्: कर्म (Karma/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तिल (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (2nd/द्वितीया), बहुवचन

• प्रविकिरेत्: should scatter
• प्रविकिरेत्: क्रिया (Verb/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: कॄ (धातु)
• Form: विधिलिङ् (Optative), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; उपसर्गौ ‘प्र-वि-’; अर्थः ‘विकिरति’ (to scatter)

• तत्र: there
• तत्र: अधिकरण (Adhikaraṇa/अधिकरण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तत्र (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; देशवाचक-अव्यय (locative adverb)

• सर्वतः: on all sides
• सर्वतः: देशाधिकरण (Locative sense/अधिकरण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: सर्वतः (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; दिशावाचक (adverb: on all sides)

• बन्धयेत्: should tie up/bind
• बन्धयेत्: क्रिया (Verb/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: बन्ध् (धातु)
• Form: विधिलिङ् (Optative), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; णिच्-प्रयोग (causative: ‘cause to be bound/tie up’)

• अजान्: goats
• अजान्: कर्म (Karma/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अज (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, बहुवचन

• असुरोपहतम्: afflicted by demons
• असुरोपहतम्: विशेषण (Qualifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: असुर + उपहत (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; भूतकृदन्त (क्त) ‘उप-हन्’ → उपहत ‘struck/afflicted’; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (असुरेण उपहतम्)

• सर्वम्: everything
• सर्वम्: कर्म/कर्ता (Object/Subject as per passive)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सर्व (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• तिलैः: with sesame seeds
• तिलैः: करण (Karaṇa/करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तिल (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति (3rd/तृतीया), बहुवचन; करण (instrument)

• शुद्ध्यति: is purified
• शुद्ध्यति: क्रिया (Verb/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: शुध् (धातु)
• Form: लट् (Present), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन

• अजेन: with a goat
• अजेन: करण (Karaṇa/करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अज (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; करण

• वा: or
• वा: विकल्प (Alternative/विकल्प)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: वा (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; विकल्प (disjunctive particle)

Speaker

Lord Kūrma (Vishnu) instructing sages/seekers on śānti and purification rites

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: raudra

Secondary Rasa: shanta

Characters & Entities

• Kūrma (Vishnu)
• Asura (demonic influence)

More Details (4 sections)

FAQs

How does this verse explain the nature of the Supreme Self (Atman)?

Indirectly: it addresses cleansing of external/ritual impurity caused by hostile forces; the Purāṇic framework treats such śānti rites as preparatory supports so the mind becomes fit for higher knowledge of Ātman and devotion to Īśvara.

What Yoga or Meditative practices are highlighted here?

No direct meditation technique is taught; the verse highlights śānti–prāyaścitta (ritual pacification) using tilā and aja as a dharmic means to remove obstacles, a common prerequisite for steadiness (citta-prasāda) that supports later Yoga and mantra practice.

How does this verse depict the relationship between Shiva and Vishnu?

By situating purification within a shared dharma-ritual universe: the Kūrma Purāṇa often presents Vaiṣṇava authority (Kūrma/Vishnu) teaching rites and disciplines compatible with Śaiva (including Pāśupata) orientations, emphasizing practical unity in dharma rather than sectarian separation.