Shloka 84

Daily Duties of Brāhmaṇas: Snāna, Sandhyā, Sūrya-hṛdaya, Japa, Tarpaṇa, and the Pañca-mahāyajñas

Devanagari script

प्रदक्षिणं समावृत्य नमस्कृत्वा ततः क्षितौ / आचम्य च यथाशास्त्रं शक्त्या स्वाध्यायमाचरेत्

Transliteration

pradakṣiṇaṃ samāvṛtya namaskṛtvā tataḥ kṣitau / ācamya ca yathāśāstraṃ śaktyā svādhyāyamācaret

Translation

بعد إتمام البرَدَكشِنا (الطواف تعبّدًا)، فليُتمَّ السجود على الأرض. ثم ليؤدِّ الآچامَنا وفق أحكام الشاسترا، وليمارس بقدر طاقته السڤادهيايا: التلاوة والدراسة.

Word by Word

• प्रदक्षिणम्: circumambulation
• प्रदक्षिणम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: प्रदक्षिण (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (कर्म), एकवचन; ‘प्रदक्षिणा’ (circumambulation)

• समावृत्य: having completed
• समावृत्य: Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Verb
• Root: सम् + आ + वृत् (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वान्त अव्ययकृदन्त (gerund), ‘having completed/returned after’

• नमस्कृत्वा: having bowed
• नमस्कृत्वा: Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Verb
• Root: नमस् + कृ (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वान्त अव्ययकृदन्त; ‘having saluted’

• ततः: then/thereafter
• ततः: Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ततः (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; क्रियाविशेषण (thereafter)

• क्षितौ: on the ground
• क्षितौ: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: क्षिति (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति (अधिकरण), एकवचन

• आचम्य: having performed ācamana
• आचम्य: Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Verb
• Root: आ + चम (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वान्त अव्ययकृदन्त

• च: and
• च: Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; समुच्चय

• यथा-शास्त्रम्: according to the scripture
• यथा-शास्त्रम्: Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: यथा (अव्यय) + शास्त्र (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: अव्ययीभावसमास; क्रियाविशेषण—‘शास्त्रानुसारम्’

• शक्त्या: with (one’s) ability
• शक्त्या: Karaṇa (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: शक्ति (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति (करण), एकवचन

• स्वाध्यायम्: self-study/recitation (of Veda)
• स्वाध्यायम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: स्वाध्याय (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (कर्म), एकवचन

• आचरेत्: should practice/perform
• आचरेत्: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: आ + चर् (धातु)
• Form: विधिलिङ्, परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन

Speaker

Lord Kurma (Vishnu) instructing sages on dharma and ritual discipline

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: bhakti

Characters & Entities

• Kurma
• Vishnu
• Svadhyaya
• Shastra
• Achamana
• Pradakshina

More Details (4 sections)

FAQs

How does this verse explain the nature of the Supreme Self (Atman)?

Indirectly: it presents disciplined svādhyāya—scriptural recitation and reflection—as a primary means to purify the mind and prepare it for Self-knowledge (ātma-jñāna), which the Kurma Purana frames within an Ishvara-centered (Śiva–Viṣṇu harmonious) spiritual path.

What Yoga or Meditative practices are highlighted here?

It emphasizes preparatory sādhana: reverential movement (pradakṣiṇā), prostration (namaskāra), ritual purification (ācamana), and then svādhyāya. In Kurma Purana’s yoga-oriented ethic, these support steadiness, purity, and readiness for higher contemplative practice.

How does this verse depict the relationship between Shiva and Vishnu?

By stressing śāstra-based purity and svādhyāya rather than sectarian markers, the verse aligns with the Kurma Purana’s integrative stance: devotion and discipline lead toward the one Ishvara principle revered across Śaiva and Vaiṣṇava expressions.