Shloka 52

Kāraṇānvēṣaṇam: The 32 Marks of Hari, Defects (Doṣas), Death-Omens, and Hari’s Omnipresence in Social & Household Life

Devanagari script

हस्ते पादे उदरे कर्णयोश्च शिश्रे गुल्फे त्वधरोष्ठेधिकं च / चतुर्विंशत्या लक्षणैश्चापि युक्तो नास्तिक्यवायुस्तद्वदेवाष्टभिश्च

Transliteration

haste pāde udare karṇayośca śiśre gulphe tvadharoṣṭhedhikaṃ ca / caturviṃśatyā lakṣaṇaiścāpi yukto nāstikyavāyustadvadevāṣṭabhiśca

Translation

إذا نهضت قوّة الريح المرتبطة بعدم الإيمان (ناستيكيا-فايو)، ظهرت خاصةً في اليدين والقدمين والبطن والأذنين والعضو المُولِّد والكاحلين، وتشتدّ أكثر في الشفة السفلى. وتُعرَف بأربعٍ وعشرين علامة مميِّزة، وكذلك بمجموعةٍ أخرى من ثماني دلالات إضافية.

Word by Word

• haste: in the hand
• haste: Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: hasta (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Locative (7th/सप्तमी), Singular (एकवचन)

• pāde: in the foot
• pāde: Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: pāda (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Locative (7th/सप्तमी), Singular (एकवचन)

• udare: in the belly
• udare: Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: udara (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Locative (7th/सप्तमी), Singular (एकवचन)

• karṇayoḥ: in the two ears
• karṇayoḥ: Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: karṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Locative (7th/सप्तमी), Dual (द्विवचन)

• ca: and
• ca: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: Conjunction (समुच्चयबोधक अव्यय)

• śiśre: in the penis
• śiśre: Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: śiśra (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Locative (7th/सप्तमी), Singular (एकवचन)

• gulphe: in the ankle
• gulphe: Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: gulpha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Locative (7th/सप्तमी), Singular (एकवचन)

• tu: but
• tu: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tu (अव्यय)
• Form: Adversative particle (विरोध/विशेषार्थक अव्यय)

• adhara-oṣṭha-adhikam: excess in the lower lip
• adhara-oṣṭha-adhikam: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: adhara (प्रातिपदिक) + oṣṭha (प्रातिपदिक) + adhika (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन); Tatpuruṣa: 'excess in the lower lip' (adhara-oṣṭha = lower lip)

• ca: and
• ca: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: Conjunction (समुच्चयबोधक अव्यय)

• caturviṃśatyā: with twenty-four
• caturviṃśatyā: Karana (करण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: caturviṃśati (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Numeral; Instrumental (3rd/तृतीया), Singular (एकवचन)

• lakṣaṇaiḥ: with marks
• lakṣaṇaiḥ: Karana (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: lakṣaṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Instrumental (3rd/तृतीया), Plural (बहुवचन)

• ca: and
• ca: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: Conjunction (समुच्चयबोधक अव्यय)

• api: also
• api: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: api (अव्यय)
• Form: Particle (अपि)

• yuktaḥ: endowed
• yuktaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: yuj (युज् धातु)
• Form: Past passive participle (क्त), Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन)

• nāstikya-vāyuḥ: Nāstikya-vāyu
• nāstikya-vāyuḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: nāstikya (प्रातिपदिक) + vāyu (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन); Tatpuruṣa: 'the wind named Nāstikya'

• tadvat: likewise
• tadvat: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tadvat (अव्यय)
• Form: Comparative indeclinable (तद्वत् = likewise)

• eva: indeed
• eva: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: eva (अव्यय)
• Form: Emphatic particle (अवधारण)

• aṣṭabhiḥ: by eight
• aṣṭabhiḥ: Karana (करण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: aṣṭan (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Numeral; Instrumental (3rd/तृतीया), Plural (बहुवचन)

• ca: and
• ca: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: Conjunction (समुच्चयबोधक अव्यय)

Speaker

Lord Vishnu (speaking to Garuda/Vinata-putra)

Medical Ayurveda

Dosha: Vata

Philosophical Teaching

Concept: Nāstikya (irreligious/denial) is portrayed as a disruptive vāyu manifesting in bodily markers; moral-psychic states correlate with somatic signs.

Vedantic Theme: Interplay of antaḥkaraṇa-vṛtti and prāṇa/vāyu in embodied life; ethical orientation shaping saṃskāra and expression (vyavahāra).

Application: Treat ‘belief/disbelief’ language as a traditional moral-psychological model; in practice, read it as a caution about destabilizing mental patterns showing up as agitation in speech/gesture and bodily restlessness.

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: bhayanaka

Secondary Rasa: bibhatsa

Cross References

Related Themes: Garuda Purana 3.22 (lakṣaṇa and doṣa enumerations; this verse introduces a ‘vāyu’ category with 24+8 signs)

Characters & Entities

• Vayu (as a subtle force)
• Garuda
• Vishnu

FAQs

What is the importance of nāstikya-vāyu in Garuda Purana?

This verse treats nāstikya-vāyu as a specific subtle force identifiable through bodily markers, implying that inner irreligion/unbelief shapes the preta’s condition and can be diagnosed through characteristic signs.

How does this verse explain the path of the soul after death?

By linking moral-spiritual tendencies (like nāstikya) to measurable ‘signs,’ the text frames the post-death journey as influenced by subtle-body forces (vāyu) that condition experience in the afterlife.

Practical application of this wisdom today?

Cultivate śraddhā (reverent trust), ethical conduct, and dharmic living; the verse warns that entrenched denial of dharma is not merely intellectual—it conditions one’s inner state and its consequences.