Shloka 190
व्यासशिष्योत्पत्तिवर्णन (Origins/Enumeration of Vyāsa’s Disciplic Succession) — Chapter on Vedic Transmission Lineages
Devanagari script
प्रजार्थं तपतां तेषां तपः परमदुश्चरम् / उत्पद्यन्ते हि पूर्वेषां निधनेष्विह पूर्ववत्
Transliteration
prajārthaṃ tapatāṃ teṣāṃ tapaḥ paramaduścaram / utpadyante hi pūrveṣāṃ nidhaneṣviha pūrvavat
Translation
لأجل الخلق يتقشفون تقشفًا بالغ العسر؛ وحين يفنى السابقون، يظهرون هنا من جديد كما كان من قبل.
Word by Word
prajā-arthamfor (the sake of) creatures/progeny
prajā-artham:
Prayojana (प्रयोजन)
TypeNoun
Rootprajā + artha (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/द्वितीया), एकवचन; प्रयोजनार्थे द्वितीया
tapatāmof those who practice austerity
tapatām:
Sambandha (षष्ठी-सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Root√tap (धातु; शतृ/शानच्-प्रत्ययान्त वर्तमानकृदन्त)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th/षष्ठी), बहुवचन; वर्तमानकृदन्त—‘तप्यन्तः’ (those performing austerity)
teṣāmof them
teṣām:
Sambandha (षष्ठी-सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Roottad (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th/षष्ठी), बहुवचन; सर्वनाम
tapaḥausterity
tapaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Roottapas (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/प्रथमा), एकवचन
parama-duścaramextremely difficult to perform
parama-duścaram:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootparama + duścara (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/प्रथमा), एकवचन; कर्मधारय—परमं दुश्चरम्; विशेषण—‘tapaḥ’
utpadyantearise/are born
utpadyante:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootut-√pad (धातु)
Formलट्-लकार (Present), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), बहुवचन; आत्मनेपद
hiindeed
hi:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Roothi (अव्यय)
Formनिपात (particle: indeed/for)
pūrveṣāmof the former ones
pūrveṣām:
Sambandha (षष्ठी-सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Rootpūrva (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th/षष्ठी), बहुवचन; ‘पूर्वजनानाम्’
nidhaneṣuat the destructions/deaths
nidhaneṣu:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootnidhana (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/सप्तमी), बहुवचन
ihahere
iha:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootiha (अव्यय)
Formदेशवाचक अव्यय (adverb: here)
pūrvavatas before
pūrvavat:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/adverbial)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootpūrvavat (अव्यय)
Formतुल्यताबोधक अव्यय (adverb: as before)