Shloka 19

Yuga-Vibhāga and Kāla-Pramāṇa

Measures of Time and the Four Yugas

Devanagari script

षड्विंशतिसहस्राणि वर्षाणि मानुषाणि तु / वर्षाणां तु शतं ज्ञेयं दिव्यो ह्येष विधिः स्मृतः

Transliteration

ṣaḍviṃśatisahasrāṇi varṣāṇi mānuṣāṇi tu / varṣāṇāṃ tu śataṃ jñeyaṃ divyo hyeṣa vidhiḥ smṛtaḥ

Translation

ستةٌ وعشرون ألفَ سنةٍ من سنيّ البشر؛ ومئةُ سنةٍ تُعرَف مقياسًا إلهيًا—فهذه هي السُّنّة السماوية المروية.

Word by Word

• ṣaḍ-viṃśati-sahasrāṇi: twenty-six thousands
• ṣaḍ-viṃśati-sahasrāṇi: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ṣaṭ (प्रातिपदिक) + viṃśati (प्रातिपदिक) + sahasra (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Plural; dvigu compound numeral: 'twenty-six thousand(s)'

• varṣāṇi: years
• varṣāṇi: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: varṣa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Plural; apposition to sahasrāṇi

• mānuṣāṇi: human
• mānuṣāṇi: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: mānuṣa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Plural; adjective qualifying varṣāṇi

• tu: indeed/but
• tu: Sambandha-bodhaka (सम्बन्ध-बोधक)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tu (अव्यय)
• Form: Particle (निपात), emphasis/contrast

• varṣāṇām: of years
• varṣāṇām: Ṣaṣṭhī-sambandha (षष्ठी-सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: varṣa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter, Genitive (6th/षष्ठी), Plural

• tu: indeed
• tu: Sambandha-bodhaka (सम्बन्ध-बोधक)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tu (अव्यय)
• Form: Particle (निपात)

• śatam: a hundred
• śatam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: śata (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा) / Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular; here nominative as predicate complement

• jñeyam: is to be known
• jñeyam: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: jñā (धातु) + ya (णीय/यत् कृत्)
• Form: Gerundive/obligatory participle (णीय/यत्), Neuter, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular; impersonal: 'is to be known'

• divyaḥ: divine
• divyaḥ: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: divya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular; adjective qualifying vidhiḥ

• hi: for/indeed
• hi: Sambandha-bodhaka (सम्बन्ध-बोधक)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: hi (अव्यय)
• Form: Particle (निपात), causal/emphatic

• eṣaḥ: this
• eṣaḥ: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: etad (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular; demonstrative pronoun qualifying vidhiḥ

• vidhiḥ: rule/method
• vidhiḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vidhi (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular

• smṛtaḥ: is said
• smṛtaḥ: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: smṛ (धातु) + kta (कृत् प्रत्यय)
• Form: Past passive participle (क्त), Masculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular; predicative: 'is said/remembered'