Shloka 56
Rāja-prabodhana and Prātaḥ-kṛtya
Awakening of the King and Morning Observances
Devanagari script
क्षमावत्त्वं ब्राह्मणानां दण्डः क्षत्रस्य पार्थिव / प्रसह्य हरणे वापि नाधर्मस्ते भविष्यति
Transliteration
kṣamāvattvaṃ brāhmaṇānāṃ daṇḍaḥ kṣatrasya pārthiva / prasahya haraṇe vāpi nādharmaste bhaviṣyati
Translation
أيها الملك، خُلُقُ البراهمة هو الحِلم، وأما واجب الكشتريا فهو إقامة العقوبة. وحتى إن أخذتَ قهرًا فلن يلحقك أدهرما.
Word by Word
kṣamāvattvamforbearance
kṣamāvattvam:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootkṣamāvat (प्रातिपदिक) + tva (त्व)
FormNeuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा/1), Singular (एकवचन); abstract noun ‘forbearance’
brāhmaṇānāmof Brahmins
brāhmaṇānām:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/possessor)
TypeNoun
Rootbrāhmaṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Genitive (षष्ठी/6), Plural (बहुवचन)
daṇḍaḥpunishment; chastisement
daṇḍaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootdaṇḍa (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा/1), Singular (एकवचन)
kṣatrasyaof the Kshatriya order
kṣatrasya:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/possessor)
TypeNoun
Rootkṣatra (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Genitive (षष्ठी/6), Singular (एकवचन)
pārthivaO king
pārthiva:
Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
TypeNoun
Rootpārthiva (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Vocative (सम्बोधन), Singular (एकवचन)
prasahyaforcibly
prasahya:
Purvakala-kriya (पूर्वकाल-क्रिया)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootpra√sah (धातु) + lyap (ल्यप्)
FormAbsolutive/Gerund (ल्यप्), avyaya usage; ‘having used force/forcibly’
haraṇein taking away
haraṇe:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootharaṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Locative (सप्तमी/7), Singular (एकवचन); ‘in the act of taking away’
vāor; even
vā:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootvā (अव्यय)
FormDisjunctive particle (विकल्प-अव्यय) ‘or/even’
apieven
api:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootapi (अव्यय)
FormParticle (सम्भावना/समुच्चय-अव्यय) ‘also/even’
nanot
na:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/negation)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootna (अव्यय)
FormNegation particle (निषेध-अव्यय)
adharmaḥunrighteousness; sin
adharmaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootadharma (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा/1), Singular (एकवचन)
tefor you; of you
te:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/possessor)
TypeNoun
Roottvad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormPronoun ‘tvad’, Genitive (षष्ठी/6), Singular (एकवचन)
bhaviṣyatiwill be
bhaviṣyati:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√bhū (धातु)
FormFuture (लृट्), 3rd person (प्रथमपुरुष), Singular (एकवचन); parasmaipada