Shloka 21
Nakṣatra-Śrāddha (Ancestral Rites Connected with Asterisms) — नक्षत्रश्राद्धम्
Devanagari script
न ब्राह्मणं परिक्षेत सदा देयं हि मानवैः / दैवेकर्मणि पित्र्ये च श्रूयते वै परीक्षणम्
Transliteration
na brāhmaṇaṃ parikṣeta sadā deyaṃ hi mānavaiḥ / daivekarmaṇi pitrye ca śrūyate vai parīkṣaṇam
Translation
لا يَنبغي امتحانُ البراهمن؛ بل على الناس أن يُعطوا دائمًا. وقد سُمِع أن «الاختبار» إنما يكون في أعمال القربان للآلهة وللآباء (الأسلاف) فقط.
Word by Word
nanot
na:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/निषेध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootna (अव्यय)
FormNegation particle (निषेधार्थक निपात)
brāhmaṇama Brahmin
brāhmaṇam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootbrāhmaṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Accusative (द्वितीया/2), Singular (एकवचन)
parīkṣetashould examine/test
parīkṣeta:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootpari-īkṣ (धातु; √īkṣ ‘to see/examine’ with उपसर्ग परि)
FormOptative (विधिलिङ्), Parasmaipada (परस्मैपद), 3rd person (प्रथमपुरुष), Singular (एकवचन)
sadāalways
sadā:
Kriyā-viśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootsadā (अव्यय)
FormAdverb (क्रियाविशेषण); time (कालवाचक)
deyamto be given / should be given
deyam:
Karta-samānādhikaraṇa (कर्तृसमानााधिकरण/विधेय)
TypeAdjective
Rootdā (धातु) → deya (कृदन्त; भाव्य/कर्तव्य)
FormNeuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा/1), Singular (एकवचन); gerundive/obligatory (कर्तव्य/भाव्य), predicate to implied ‘(anna/dānaṃ) deyaṃ’
hiindeed/for
hi:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Roothi (अव्यय)
FormParticle (निपात); reason/emphasis (हेतौ/अवधारणे)
mānavaiḥby people (men)
mānavaiḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootmānava (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Instrumental (तृतीया/3), Plural (बहुवचन)
daive-karmaṇiin a rite for the gods
daive-karmaṇi:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootdaiva (प्रातिपदिक) + karman (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Locative (सप्तमी/7), Singular (एकवचन); समासः—तत्पुरुषः (daivaṃ karma = rite for the gods)
pitryein a rite for the ancestors
pitrye:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
TypeAdjective
Rootpitrya (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Locative (सप्तमी/7), Singular (एकवचन); adjectival to (karmaṇi) understood: pitrye (karmaṇi)
caand
ca:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/समुच्चय)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
FormConjunction (समुच्चयार्थक अव्यय)
śrūyateis heard / is stated
śrūyate:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootśru (धातु)
FormPresent tense (लट्), Ātmanepada (आत्मनेपद), 3rd person (प्रथमपुरुष), Singular (एकवचन); passive/impersonal sense ‘is heard/said’
vaiindeed
vai:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootvai (अव्यय)
FormParticle (निपात); emphasis/assertion (खलु/एव-अर्थे)
parīkṣaṇamexamination/testing
parīkṣaṇam:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootparīkṣaṇa (प्रातिपदिक; from pari-īkṣ)
FormNeuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा/1), Singular (एकवचन)