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Srimad Bhagavatam — Tritiya Skandha, Shloka 19

Brahmā’s Secondary Creation, Kāla (Eternal Time), and the Taxonomy of Species

सप्तमो मुख्यसर्गस्तु षङ्‌विधस्तस्थुषां च य: । वनस्पत्योषधिलतात्वक्सारा वीरुधो द्रुमा: ॥ १९ ॥

saptamo mukhya-sargas tu ṣaḍ-vidhas tasthuṣāṁ ca yaḥ vanaspaty-oṣadhi-latā- tvaksārā vīrudho drumāḥ

الخلق السابع هو الخلق الرئيس للكائنات غير المتحركة، وهو ستة أنواع: أشجار تُثمر بلا أزهار، نباتات تبقى حتى ينضج الثمر، متسلقات، نباتات ذات سوق جوفاء كالأُنابيب، زواحف تمتد بلا سند، وأشجار ذات أزهار وثمار.

saptamaḥseventh
saptamaḥ:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootsaptama (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṁliṅga, Prathamā, Ekavacana; ordinal qualifying ‘sargaḥ’
mukhya-sargaḥthe principal creation
mukhya-sargaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootmukhya (प्रातिपदिक) + sarga (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṁliṅga, Prathamā, Ekavacana; Karmadhāraya: ‘mukhyaḥ sargaḥ’ (the principal creation)
tuindeed
tu:
Sambandha-bodhaka
TypeIndeclinable
Roottu (अव्यय)
FormAvyaya; particle (nipāta)
ṣaḍ-vidhaḥsixfold
ṣaḍ-vidhaḥ:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootṣaṭ (संख्या-प्रातिपदिक) + vidha (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṁliṅga, Prathamā, Ekavacana; Dvigu compound meaning ‘of six kinds’; qualifier of ‘sargaḥ’
tasthuṣāmof the stationary beings
tasthuṣām:
Ṣaṣṭhī-sambandha
TypeNoun
Root√sthā (स्था धातु) → tasthuṣ (कृदन्त, perfect participle)
FormPuṁliṅga, Ṣaṣṭhī, Bahuvacana; perfect active participle (liṭ-kṛdanta) ‘standing’ used substantively = ‘of the stationary beings’
caand
ca:
Sambandha-bodhaka
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
FormAvyaya; conjunction (samuccaya/समुच्चय)
yaḥwhich
yaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootyad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṁliṅga, Prathamā, Ekavacana; relative pronoun referring to ‘sargaḥ’
vanaspatiḥtrees (lords of the forest)
vanaspatiḥ:
Karta (enumeration item)
TypeNoun
Rootvanaspati (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṁliṅga, Prathamā, Bahuvacana intended by context though form given in compound-list; here treated as category noun in nominative plural list (vanaspatayaḥ)
oṣadhiḥherbs
oṣadhiḥ:
Karta (enumeration item)
TypeNoun
Rootoṣadhi (प्रातिपदिक)
FormStrīliṅga, Prathamā, Bahuvacana intended (oṣadhayaḥ); category noun in list
latāḥcreepers
latāḥ:
Karta (enumeration item)
TypeNoun
Rootlatā (प्रातिपदिक)
FormStrīliṅga, Prathamā, Bahuvacana
tvak-sārāḥbark-essenced (bark-bearing plants)
tvak-sārāḥ:
Karta (enumeration item)
TypeNoun
Roottvac (प्रातिपदिक) + sāra (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṁliṅga, Prathamā, Bahuvacana; Tatpuruṣa: ‘tvacaḥ sāraḥ’ = those whose essence is bark (bark-bearing plants)
vīrudhaḥclimbers/creeping plants
vīrudhaḥ:
Karta (enumeration item)
TypeNoun
Rootvīrudh (प्रातिपदिक)
FormStrīliṅga, Prathamā, Bahuvacana (vīrudhaḥ as Vedic/epic nom.pl.); category noun in list
drumāḥtrees
drumāḥ:
Karta (enumeration item)
TypeNoun
Rootdruma (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṁliṅga, Prathamā, Bahuvacana

FAQs

It describes the seventh principal creation as the immovable species, classified into six categories such as herbs, creepers, grasses/vines, and various kinds of trees distinguished by features like bark or pith.

In Canto 3, Chapter 10, Śukadeva explains the divisions of creation (sarga) to show how the Lord’s cosmic manifestation unfolds systematically, including the immovable forms of life.

It encourages a devotional, reverent view of nature—seeing plants and trees as part of an ordered divine creation, fostering humility, gratitude, and responsible care for the environment.