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Shloka 16

Ṛṣabhadeva Instructs His Sons: Tapasya, Mahātmā-Sevā, and Cutting the Heart-Knot

लोक: स्वयं श्रेयसि नष्टद‍ृष्टि- र्योऽर्थान् समीहेत निकामकाम: । अन्योन्यवैर: सुखलेशहेतो- रनन्तदु:खं च न वेद मूढ: ॥ १६ ॥

lokaḥ svayaṁ śreyasi naṣṭa-dṛṣṭir yo ’rthān samīheta nikāma-kāmaḥ anyonya-vairaḥ sukha-leśa-hetor ananta-duḥkhaṁ ca na veda mūḍhaḥ

بسبب الجهل يضلّ الماديّ عن رؤية طريق الخير الحقيقي لنفسه. تقيده الشهوات فيسعى وراء لذّات الحواس وحدها؛ ولأجل متعة عابرة يُنشئ مجتمعًا من الحسد والعداوة، فيغوص في بحرٍ لا نهاية له من المعاناة، وهو لا يدري بذلك.

lokaḥthe people/worldly person
lokaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootloka (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग (masculine), प्रथमा-विभक्ति (nominative/1st), एकवचन (singular)
svayamby oneself
svayam:
Kriyā-viśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण/Adverbial)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootsvayam (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; आत्मार्थे/स्वयम् (indeclinable adverb: ‘by oneself’)
śreyasiin the highest good
śreyasi:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण/Location)
TypeNoun
Rootśreyas (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग (neuter), सप्तमी-विभक्ति (locative/7th), एकवचन (singular)
naṣṭa-dṛṣṭiḥhaving lost discernment
naṣṭa-dṛṣṭiḥ:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण/Qualifier of lokaḥ)
TypeAdjective
Rootnaṣṭa (कृदन्त; √naś धातु, क्त) + dṛṣṭi (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; कर्मधारय-समास: ‘नष्टा दृष्टी यस्य/नष्टदृष्टिः’ (one whose sight is lost)
yaḥwho
yaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject of samīheta)
TypeNoun
Rootyad (प्रातिपदिक; सर्वनाम)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; सम्बन्धक-सर्वनाम (relative pronoun)
arthānobjects/goals
arthān:
Karma (कर्म/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootartha (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (accusative/2nd), बहुवचन (plural)
samīhetawould strive for
samīheta:
Kriyā (क्रिया/Verb)
TypeVerb
Root√īh (ईह् धातु)
Formविधिलिङ् (optative), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन (singular); परस्मैपद
nikāma-kāmaḥfull of intense desires
nikāma-kāmaḥ:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण/Qualifier of yaḥ)
TypeAdjective
Rootnikāma (प्रातिपदिक) + kāma (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; कर्मधारय: ‘निकामः कामः’ (one whose desire is excessive/insatiable)
anyonya-vairaḥhaving mutual hostility
anyonya-vairaḥ:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण/Qualifier of mūḍhaḥ/yaḥ)
TypeAdjective
Rootanyonya (प्रातिपदिक) + vaira (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष: ‘अन्योन्यस्य वैरम्’ (mutual enmity)
sukha-leśa-hetoḥfor the sake of a mere trace of happiness
sukha-leśa-hetoḥ:
Hetu/Prayojana (हेतु/प्रयोजन/Cause-Purpose)
TypeNoun
Rootsukha (प्रातिपदिक) + leśa (प्रातिपदिक) + hetu (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, पञ्चमी-विभक्ति (ablative/5th), एकवचन; तत्पुरुष-समास: ‘सुखस्य लेशः’ (a tiny bit of happiness) + ‘तस्य हेतुः’ (cause); here ablative ‘for the sake of’
ananta-duḥkhamendless suffering
ananta-duḥkham:
Karma (कर्म/Object of veda)
TypeNoun
Rootananta (प्रातिपदिक) + duḥkha (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; कर्मधारय: ‘अनन्तं दुःखम्’ (endless suffering)
caand
ca:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Connector)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; समुच्चय (conjunction ‘and’)
nanot
na:
Pratiṣedha (प्रतिषेध/Negation)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootna (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; निषेध (negation particle)
vedaknows
veda:
Kriyā (क्रिया/Verb)
TypeVerb
Root√vid (विद् धातु)
Formलट्-लकार (present indicative), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपद
mūḍhaḥthe deluded one
mūḍhaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject of veda)
TypeNoun
Rootmūḍha (कृदन्त; √muh धातु, क्त)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; क्त-प्रत्ययान्त विशेषण substantively used

The word naṣṭa-dṛṣṭiḥ, meaning “one who has no eyes to see the future,” is very significant in this verse. Life goes on from one body to another, and the activities performed in this life are enjoyed or suffered in the next life, if not later in this life. One who is unintelligent, who has no eyes to see the future, simply creates enmity and fights with others for sense gratification. As a result, one suffers in the next life, but due to being like a blind man, he continues to act in such a way that he suffers unlimitedly. Such a person is a mūḍha, one who simply wastes his time and does not understand the Lord’s devotional service. As stated in Bhagavad-gītā (7.25) :

Ṛṣabhadeva

FAQs

This verse says that when one loses sight of true welfare (śreyas), insatiable desire drives one to pursue worldly gains, creating conflict and resulting in endless suffering rather than lasting happiness.

While instructing His sons on real self-interest, Ṛṣabhadeva points out that seeking even a small amount of sense pleasure often produces rivalry and hatred, which multiplies misery and blocks spiritual progress.

Reduce choices driven purely by craving, avoid comparison and competition that breed resentment, and re-center daily goals on śreyas—devotional practice, character, and service—rather than fleeting pleasure.