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Shloka 31

The Appearance of Lord Viṣṇu (Kṛṣṇa) and the Divine Exchange with Yoga-māyā

विश्वं यदेतत् स्वतनौ निशान्ते यथावकाशं पुरुष: परो भवान् । बिभर्ति सोऽयं मम गर्भगोऽभू- दहो नृलोकस्य विडम्बनं हि तत् ॥ ३१ ॥

viśvaṁ yad etat sva-tanau niśānte yathāvakāśaṁ puruṣaḥ paro bhavān bibharti so ’yaṁ mama garbhago ’bhūd aho nṛ-lokasya viḍambanaṁ hi tat

عند زمن الفناء يدخل الكون كلّه، بما فيه المتحرّك والساكن، في جسدك المتعالي وتحمله بلا عناء؛ فأنت البُروشا الأعلى. ولكن ها هي تلك الهيئة المتعالية قد وُلدت من رحمي—آه، إنّ أهل عالم البشر لن يصدّقوا، وسأغدو موضع سخرية.

viśvamthe universe
viśvam:
Karma (कर्म/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootviśva (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन
yatwhich
yat:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/relative)
TypeAdjective
Rootyad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; सम्बन्धक (relative pronoun)
etatthis
etat:
Karma (कर्म) विशेषण
TypeAdjective
Rootetad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; विशेषणम् (of viśvam)
sva-tanauin (your) own body
sva-tanau:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण/Locative)
TypeNoun
Rootsva (प्रातिपदिक) + tanu (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/Locative), एकवचन; तत्पुरुषः ‘स्वा तनुः’ = in (your) own body
niśānteat night’s end
niśānte:
Kāla-adhikaraṇa (काल-अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootniśānta (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुं/नपुंसक, सप्तमी (7th/Locative), एकवचन; ‘at the end of the night’
yathā-ava-kāśamas space allows; appropriately
yathā-ava-kāśam:
Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootyathā (अव्यय) + avakāśa (प्रातिपदिक)
Formअव्ययीभावसमासः; अव्ययवत् (indeclinable adverbial) अर्थः ‘यथावकाशम्’ = as space permits/according to room
puruṣaḥthe Person (Supreme)
puruṣaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootpuruṣa (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
paraḥsupreme
paraḥ:
Karta (कर्ता) विशेषण
TypeAdjective
Rootpara (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; विशेषणम् (of puruṣaḥ)
bhavānyou (honorific)
bhavān:
Karta (कर्ता) (apposition to puruṣaḥ)
TypeNoun
Rootbhavat (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; आदरार्थक-सर्वनाम (honorific ‘you’)
bibhartibears; supports
bibharti:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√bhṛ (भृ धातु)
Formलट् (Present), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष (3rd), एकवचन
saḥhe/that (same one)
saḥ:
Karta (कर्ता) (resumptive)
TypeNoun
Roottad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
ayamthis (one)
ayam:
Karta (कर्ता) (deictic)
TypeNoun
Rootidam (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
mamamy
mama:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive)
TypeNoun
Rootasmad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formषष्ठी (6th/Genitive), एकवचन
garbha-gaḥgone into the womb; in the womb
garbha-gaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता) विशेषण
TypeAdjective
Rootgarbha (प्रातिपदिक) + ga (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; तत्पुरुषः ‘गर्भं गतः’ = gone into the womb
abhūtbecame; was
abhūt:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√bhū (भू धातु)
Formलङ् (Imperfect/Past), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष (3rd), एकवचन
ahoah! indeed!
aho:
Bhāva (भाव/interjection)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootaho (अव्यय)
Formविस्मयार्थक-अव्यय (interjection of wonder)
nṛ-lokasyaof the human world
nṛ-lokasya:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive)
TypeNoun
Rootnṛ (प्रातिपदिक) + loka (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th/Genitive), एकवचन; तत्पुरुषः ‘नॄणां लोकः’
viḍambanama marvel; irony; mockery
viḍambanam:
Karta (कर्ता) (predicate nominative)
TypeNoun
Rootviḍambana (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
hiindeed; for
hi:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Roothi (अव्यय)
Formनिपात (particle) हेत्वर्थ/निश्चयार्थ (indeed/for)
tatthat
tat:
Karta (कर्ता) (subject/predicate reference)
TypeNoun
Roottad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; सर्वनाम (refers to the whole situation)

As explained in Caitanya-caritāmṛta, loving service to the Personality of Godhead is of two different kinds: aiśvarya-pūrṇa, full of opulence, and aiśvarya-śīthila, without opulence. Real love of Godhead begins with aiśvarya-śīthila, simply on the basis of pure love.

D
Devaki
L
Lord Krishna (Vishnu)

FAQs

This verse states that at cosmic dissolution the Supreme Person holds the entire universe within His own body, yet the same Lord can also enter a devotee’s womb—showing His inconceivable potency.

After seeing the Supreme Lord appear before her, Devaki offers reverent praise, marveling that the all-containing Lord has chosen to become her child—an intimate divine arrangement.

It encourages humility and devotion: the Supreme Reality is beyond logic, so one can approach God with reverence and trust, accepting that divine grace can appear in simple, personal ways.