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Srimad Bhagavatam — Ashtama Skandha, Shloka 19

Vāmanadeva Praises Bali; the Measure of Three Steps; Śukrācārya Warns Against the Gift

मां वचोभि: समाराध्य लोकानामेकमीश्वरम् । पदत्रयं वृणीते योऽबुद्धिमान् द्वीपदाशुषम् ॥ १९ ॥

māṁ vacobhiḥ samārādhya lokānām ekam īśvaram pada-trayaṁ vṛṇīte yo ’buddhimān dvīpa-dāśuṣam

لقد أرضيتني بكلماتك العذبة، وأنا الإله الواحد لسكان العوالم، ثم لا تطلب إلا ثلاث خطوات من الأرض؛ فهذا ليس من تمام العقل. أنا مالكُ أقسام الكون الثلاثة، وأستطيع أن أمنحك جزيرةً كاملة.

māmme
mām:
Karma (कर्म/Direct object)
TypeNoun
Rootasmad (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPronoun (सर्वनाम), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन)
vacobhiḥwith words
vacobhiḥ:
Karana (करण/Instrument)
TypeNoun
Rootvacas (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Instrumental (3rd/तृतीया), Plural (बहुवचन)
samārādhyahaving satisfied/propitiated
samārādhya:
Purvakala-kriya (पूर्वकाल-क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootrādh (धातु)
FormAbsolutive/Gerund (क्त्वान्त/ल्यप्), with prefixes सम्-आ-; ‘having propitiated’
lokānāmof the worlds/people
lokānām:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive)
TypeNoun
Rootloka (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Genitive (6th/षष्ठी), Plural (बहुवचन)
ekamone
ekam:
Visheshana (विशेषण/Qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rooteka (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन); agrees with īśvaram
īśvaramthe Lord
īśvaram:
Karma (कर्म/Direct object)
TypeNoun
Rootīśvara (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन)
pada-trayamthree steps
pada-trayam:
Karma (कर्म/Direct object)
TypeNoun
Rootpada (प्रातिपदिक) + traya (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन); द्विगु: त्रयाणि पदानि
vṛṇītechooses/asks for
vṛṇīte:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootvṛ (धातु)
FormPresent (लट्), Ātmanepada (आत्मनेपद), 3rd person (प्रथमपुरुष), Singular (एकवचन)
yaḥwho
yaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootyad (प्रातिपदिक)
FormRelative pronoun (यद्), Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन)
abuddhimānunintelligent
abuddhimān:
Visheshana (विशेषण/Qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Roota- (नञ्) + buddhi-mat (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन); possessive adjective with privative a-
dvīpa-dāśuṣamthe giver of islands (Bali)
dvīpa-dāśuṣam:
Karma (कर्म/Direct object)
TypeNoun
Rootdvīpa (प्रातिपदिक) + dāśuṣ (प्रातिपदिक/कृदन्त)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन); object of vṛṇīte; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष: द्वीपान् ददाति इति/द्वीपस्य दाता (intended sense: giver of islands/land)

According to Vedic understanding, the entire universe is regarded as an ocean of space. In that ocean there are innumerable planets, and each planet is called a dvīpa, or island. When approached by Lord Vāmanadeva, Bali Mahārāja was actually in possession of all the dvīpas, or islands in space. Bali Mahārāja was very pleased to see the features of Vāmanadeva and was ready to give Him as much land as He could ask, but because Lord Vāmanadeva asked only three paces of land, Bali Mahārāja considered Him not very intelligent.

V
Vāmana
B
Bali Mahārāja

FAQs

This verse criticizes merely verbal worship: after praising the Supreme Lord, a person still asks for a trivial material favor, revealing a lack of real understanding and surrender.

In the Vāmana–Bali episode, the Lord challenges the mentality of offering and asking: He exposes the contradiction of addressing Him as the Supreme Lord yet treating Him like an ordinary, limited human who can be satisfied by small gifts.

Align prayers with purpose: instead of only asking for small, temporary gains, cultivate sincere devotion and request what deepens character, dharma, and remembrance of God.