Atharva Veda 9.4.18: Kanda 9, Anuvaka 1, Sukta 4, Mantra 18

Sukta 4

Sanskrit (Devanagari)

श॒त॒याजं॒ स य॑जते॒ नैनं॑ दुन्वन्त्य॒ग्नयः॑ । जिन्व॑न्ति॒ विश्वे॒ तं दे॒वा यो ब्रा॑ह्म॒ण ऋ॑ष॒भमा॑जु॒होति॑

IAST Transliteration

śatáyājaṁ sá yajate náinaṁ dunvánty agnáyaḥ | jínvanti víśve táṁ devā́ yó brāhmaṇá ṛṣabhám ā́juhoti ||

English Translation (Griffith/Whitney)

A hundred-sacrificer is he accounted; the Fires afflict him not. All Gods make him to thrive—who, being Brahman, offers up the Bull.

Translation

يُعَدُّ مُقَدِّمَ مئةِ ذبيحةٍ؛ ولا تُؤذيه النيرانُ (Agni). وجميعُ الآلهةِ تُنمّيه وتُقوّيه—ذلك الذي، وهو براهمن (Brāhmaṇa)، يُقَرِّبُ «الثور» قربانًا.

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Word by Word

• शतयाजम्: the ‘hundred-sacrificer’ (one who has performed many sacrifices)
• शतयाजम्: कर्म
• Type: Noun (compound)
• Root: शत-याज (प्रातिपदिक; ‘शत’ + ‘याज’)

• सः: he
• सः: कर्तृ
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• यजते: worships / performs sacrifice
• यजते: (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: यज् (धातु)

• न: not
• न: (निपात)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न (निपात)

• एनम्: him
• एनम्: कर्म
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: इदम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• दुन्वन्ति: afflict / harass
• दुन्वन्ति: (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: दुन्/दु (धातु; ‘to hurt, afflict, harass’)

• अग्नयः: fires; (fire-deities) Agnis
• अग्नयः: कर्तृ
• Type: Noun
• Root: अग्नि (प्रातिपदिक)

• जिन्वन्ति: invigorate / strengthen
• जिन्वन्ति: (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: जिव्/जिन् (धातु; ‘to quicken, invigorate, gladden’)

• विश्वे: all (the)
• विश्वे: कर्तृ
• Type: Adjective (used substantively)
• Root: विश्व (प्रातिपदिक)

• तम्: him
• तम्: कर्म
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• देवाः: the gods
• देवाः: कर्तृ
• Type: Noun
• Root: देव (प्रातिपदिक)

• यः: who
• यः: कर्तृ
• Type: Relative pronoun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• ब्राह्मणः: a Brahmin
• ब्राह्मणः: कर्तृ
• Type: Noun
• Root: ब्राह्मण (प्रातिपदिक)

• ऋषभम्: a bull; the best/foremost (as ‘bull among…’)
• ऋषभम्: कर्म
• Type: Noun
• Root: ऋषभ (प्रातिपदिक)

• आजुहोति: offers (into the fire); makes an oblation
• आजुहोति: (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: हु (धातु) + आ- (उपसर्ग)

Attribution

Rishi: Atharvanic/Angirasic attribution (per anukramaṇī for AV 9.4).

Devata: Agni and Viśve Devāḥ; Ṛṣabha as consecrated offering-object.

Chandas: Anuṣṭubh (probable; confirm by metrical count).

Mantra Rasa

Primary: adbhuta

Secondary: shanta