Mantra 32

Sukta 4

Sanskrit (Devanagari)

स्वधाकारेण पितृभ्यो यज्ञेन देवताभ्यः । दानेन राजन्योऽ वशाया मातुर्हेडं न गच्छति

IAST Transliteration

svadhākā́reṇa pitṛ́bhyo yajñéna devátābhyaḥ | dā́nena rājanyò vaśā́yā mātúr héḍaṃ ná gacchati ||

English Translation (Griffith/Whitney)

By Svadhā-call unto the Fathers, by sacrifice unto the Gods, by gift—the noble Kṣatriya cometh not under the mother’s wrath of the Vashā.

Translation

بنداءِ «سْفَدْها» (Svadhā) للآباءِ (Pitṛ)، وباليَجْنَة (yajña) للآلهة، وبالعطاء—لا يقعُ الكشَتْرِيَّةُ النبيلُ تحتَ سخطِ الأمِّ، فاشا (Vashā).

Word by Word

• स्वधाकारॆण: by the svadhā-call/with the utterance ‘svadhā’
• स्वधाकारॆण: करण
• Type: Noun
• Root: स्वधाकार (प्रातिपदिक; स्वधा + आकार)

• पितृभ्यः: to the Fathers/ancestors
• पितृभ्यः: सम्प्रदान
• Type: Noun
• Root: पितृ (प्रातिपदिक)

• यज्ञेन: by/with the sacrifice
• यज्ञेन: करण
• Type: Noun
• Root: यज्ञ (प्रातिपदिक)

• देवताभ्यः: to the deities
• देवताभ्यः: सम्प्रदान
• Type: Noun
• Root: देवता (प्रातिपदिक)

• दानेन: by/with giving (a gift)
• दानेन: करण
• Type: Noun
• Root: दान (प्रातिपदिक)

• राजन्यः: the kṣatriya/noble
• राजन्यः: कर्तृ
• Type: Noun
• Root: राजन्य (प्रातिपदिक)

• अवशायाः: of the helpless/subject woman (avashā)
• अवशायाः: सम्बन्ध (षष्ठी)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अवशा (प्रातिपदिक)

• मातुः: of the mother
• मातुः: सम्बन्ध (षष्ठी)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मातृ (प्रातिपदिक)

• हेडम्: wrath/anger, harm
• हेडम्: कर्म
• Type: Noun
• Root: हेड (प्रातिपदिक)

• न: not
• न: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न

• गच्छति: goes/comes; reaches
• गच्छति: —
• Type: Verb
• Root: गम् (धातु)

Attribution

Rishi: Atharvanic tradition (not specified here)

Devata: Pitṛs and Devatās; also the vashā’s maternal/source power as a quasi-personified locus of hēḍa

Chandas: Anuṣṭubh (probable)

Mantra Rasa

{"primary_rasa":"shanta","secondary_rasa":null,"emotional_arc":"From dutiful enumeration to relief: ‘wrath does not reach.’","listener_experience":"Grounded responsibility; calm confidence from having ‘done what must be done.’","intensity":4}