Sutra 59
Devanagari script
गृहीतो वा सामादिभिरनुपातमतिसंदध्यात् रसविद्धेन वा पथ्यदनेन ॥ कZ_०७.१७.५९ ॥
Transliteration
gṛhīto vā sāmādibhir anupātam atisaṃdadhyāt rasaviddhena vā pathyadanena
Translation
وإن أُمسِك به، فعليه أن يدبّر منفذًا للفرار باستعمال المصالحة وسائر الوسائل (sāma وغيرها)؛ أو أن يتصرف عبر تقديم طعام «مستساغ/نافع» قد دُسَّ فيه السم.
Word by Word
गृहीतः(one who is) seized/captured/arrested
गृहीतः:
TypeVerb (PPP used adjectivally)
Rootग्रह्
Formकृदन्त (क्त, past passive participle); प्रथमा-एकवचन; पुल्लिङ्ग
वाor
वा:
TypeParticle
Rootवा
Formविकल्पार्थक अव्यय
सामादिभिःby the means beginning with conciliation (i.e., the four expedients: conciliation, gifts, dissension, force/punishment)
सामादिभिः:
TypeNoun
Rootसामन्/आदि
Formतृतीया-बहुवचन; नपुंसकलिङ्ग (सामादि-शब्दः समाहारवाचकः)
अनुपातम्in due proportion; appropriately
अनुपातम्:
TypeNoun (used adverbially)
Rootअनुपात
Formद्वितीया-एकवचन; पुंलिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग (प्रयोगे क्रियाविशेषणवत्)
अतिसंदध्यात्should thoroughly arrange/settle (the matter); should apply (them) with extra care
अतिसंदध्यात्:
TypeVerb
Rootसम्-धा (संधा)
Formविधिलिङ् (optative); परस्मैपद; प्रथमपुरुष; एकवचन; उपसर्गः: अति- + सम्-; धातु: धा
रसविद्धेनwith (food) tainted/impregnated with poison
रसविद्धेन:
TypeNoun/Adjective (instrumental)
Rootरस + विद्ध (√व्यध्)
Formतृतीया-एकवचन; नपुंसकलिङ्ग/पुंलिङ्ग (विद्ध = क्त-प्रत्ययान्त कृदन्त, ‘pierced/tainted’); समासे ‘रसविद्ध’ = रसैः विद्धः
वाor
वा:
TypeParticle
Rootवा
Formविकल्पार्थक अव्यय
पथ्यादनेनby means of wholesome food/diet (as the medium)
पथ्यादनेन:
TypeNoun
Rootपथ्य + अदन
Formतृतीया-एकवचन; नपुंसकलिङ्ग; ‘अदन’ = भोजन/आहार (eating/food)
Entities Mentioned
C
captor/guards (implied)P
poisonU
upāyas (sāma etc.)FAQs
They are repurposed as interpersonal and situational tools—persuasion, inducement, sowing division, or force—to create a moment to flee or neutralize restraint.
Because the most effective deception uses expected, non-suspicious channels (routine food), lowering the target’s guard.