Sutra 7

Devanagari script

सामन्ताटविकतत्कुलीनापरुद्धानामन्यतमोपग्रहेण कोशदण्डभूमिदाययाचनमिति भेदमाचरेत् ॥ कZ_०७.१६.०७ ॥

Transliteration

sāmantāṭavikatatkulīnāparuddhānām anyatamopagraheṇa kośadaṇḍabhūmidāyayācanam iti bhedam ācaret

Translation

ينبغي له أن يمارس سياسة التفريق بأن يستجلب إلى خدمته واحدًا من زعماء الثغور أو قادة الغابات أو شيوخ العشائر أو الأسرى، ومن خلالهم يطلب إسهامات من الخزانة أو دعمًا مسلحًا أو منحًا للأراضي (من جانبهم)، وبذلك يشق جماعتهم.

Word by Word

• सामन्त: border chief; vassal ruler
• Type: Noun
• Root: सामन्त
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा/द्वितीया एकवचन (समासपूर्वपद)

• आटविक: forest chief; tribal leader
• Type: Noun/Adjective
• Root: आटविक
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा/द्वितीया एकवचन (समासपूर्वपद)

• तत्कुलीन: those belonging to that family/lineage
• Type: Adjective (used substantively)
• Root: तत्कुलीन
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; षष्ठी बहुवचन (समासपूर्वपद-समूह)

• अपरुद्धानाम्: of those who are confined/blocked/besieged
• Type: Participle (used as Noun)
• Root: अपरुद्ध (√रुध्)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; षष्ठी बहुवचन; भूतकृदन्त (क्त) ‘अवरुद्ध/निरुद्ध’

• अन्यतम: of any one (of them)
• Type: Pronoun/Adjective
• Root: अन्यतम
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; षष्ठी एकवचन (समासपूर्वपद)

• उपग्रहेण: by seizing/holding (as leverage); by capture
• Type: Noun
• Root: उपग्रह
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; तृतीया एकवचन

• कोश: treasury
• Type: Noun
• Root: कोश
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा/द्वितीया एकवचन (समासपूर्वपद)

• दण्ड: coercive power; punishment/army
• Type: Noun
• Root: दण्ड
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा/द्वितीया एकवचन (समासपूर्वपद)

• भूमि: land; territory
• Type: Noun
• Root: भूमि
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग; प्रथमा/द्वितीया एकवचन (समासपूर्वपद)

• दाय: grant; share; allotment
• Type: Noun
• Root: दाय
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा/द्वितीया एकवचन (समासपूर्वपद)

• याचनम्: request; demand (for)
• Type: Verbal Noun (Action noun)
• Root: याचन (√याच्)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग; प्रथमा/द्वितीया एकवचन; भाववाचक

• इति: thus; namely
• Type: Particle
• Root: इति
• Form: निपात; उद्धरण/समाप्त्यर्थ

• भेदम्: dissension; division (as a policy)
• Type: Noun
• Root: भेद
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; द्वितीया एकवचन

• आचरेत्: should practice/undertake (should employ)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √चर्
• Form: लोट्/विधिलिङ् (optative); परस्मैपद; प्रथमपुरुष एकवचन; ‘आ-चर्’ = आचरेत्

Entities Mentioned

• sāmantas (frontier chiefs)
• āṭavikas (forest polities)
• clan elites
• captives/detainees

More Details

FAQs

What is the mechanism of bheda described here?

Identify a pliable insider, attach him to your side, then use his standing to fracture unity and redirect resources/force/land to you.

Why include captives (aparuddha) in bheda?

Captives can be turned into informants or intermediaries; their leverage over kin networks can catalyze splits and negotiated compliance.