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Vamana Purana — Harihara Revelation, Shloka 14

Harihara Revelation and the Kurukshetra Tirtha Cycle: Sthanu in Vishnu and the Sanctification of Saptasarasvata

Devanagari script

कृपणं धर्महीनं च यद् वर्ज्यं यच्च वह्निदम् चतुद्र्दशममोवोक्तं नरकं तद् विगर्हितम्

Transliteration

kṛpaṇaṃ dharmahīnaṃ ca yad varjyaṃ yacca vahnidam catudrdaśamamovoktaṃ narakaṃ tad vigarhitam

Translation

“Miserliness and being devoid of dharma; that which should be avoided; and that which ‘gives to fire’ (i.e., destructive, incendiary conduct)—this is stated as the fourteenth (fault); it is censured as leading to hell.”

Word by Word
कृपणम्miserly (state/thing)
कृपणम्:
कर्म (Karma/Object)
TypeAdjective
Rootकृपण (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्गे, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचनम्; adjective used substantively
धर्महीनम्devoid of righteousness
धर्महीनम्:
विशेषण (Adjectival)
TypeAdjective
Rootधर्म + हीन (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्गे, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचनम्; ‘devoid of dharma’
चand
च:
समुच्चय (Conjunctive)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; समुच्चयबोधक (conjunction)
यत्which/that
यत्:
सम्बन्ध (Relative)
TypeNoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्गे, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचनम्; relative pronoun
वर्ज्यम्to be avoided
वर्ज्यम्:
विधेय (Predicate adjective)
TypeAdjective
Rootवृज्/वर्ज् (धातु) + यत् (कृदन्त)
Formकृत्य-प्रत्ययान्त (gerundive/obligatory passive participle); नपुंसकलिङ्गे, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचनम्; ‘to be avoided’
यत्which
यत्:
सम्बन्ध (Relative)
TypeNoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्गे, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचनम्; relative pronoun (repeated)
चand
च:
समुच्चय (Conjunctive)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; समुच्चयबोधक (conjunction)
वह्निदम्fire-causing / incendiary
वह्निदम्:
विशेषण (Adjectival)
TypeAdjective
Rootवह्नि + द (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्गे, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचनम्; ‘giving fire/causing fire’ (agentive -द)
चतुर्दशमम्fourteenth
चतुर्दशमम्:
विशेषण (Adjectival)
TypeAdjective
Rootचतुर्दशम (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्गे, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचनम्; ordinal adjective
उक्तम्is declared
उक्तम्:
क्रिया (Predicate)
TypeVerb
Rootवच् (धातु) + क्त (कृदन्त)
Formभूतकर्मणि क्त-प्रत्ययान्त कृदन्त; नपुंसकलिङ्गे, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचनम्; ‘said/declared’
नरकम्hell
नरकम्:
समानााधिकरण/विधेय (Predicate nominal)
TypeNoun
Rootनरक (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्गे, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचनम्; nominative/accusative singular
तत्that
तत्:
सम्बन्ध (Anaphoric)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्गे, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचनम्; demonstrative pronoun
विगर्हितम्condemned
विगर्हितम्:
विधेय (Predicate adjective)
TypeAdjective
Rootवि + गर्ह् (धातु) + क्त (कृदन्त)
Formभूतकर्मणि क्त-प्रत्ययान्त; नपुंसकलिङ्गे, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचनम्; ‘censured/condemned’
Speakers
Not specified in the provided excerpt (didactic enumeration with karmic warning).
Key Themes
Dana (charity) vs. miserlinessAdharma and prohibitions (varjya)Karmic retribution (naraka)Social harm and destruction (vahni-dam)
Verse Rasa (Emotional Flavour)

{ "primaryRasa": "bhayanaka", "secondaryRasa": "raudra", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

FAQs

In dharma literature, kṛpaṇa is broader: a cramped, ungenerous disposition—unwillingness to share wealth, knowledge, protection, or kindness. It is opposed to dāna and dayā, which sustain social and religious life.

Literally ‘giving to fire,’ it can denote acts that cause fire or destruction (e.g., arson, reckless burning), and more generally conduct that ‘inflames’ harm—ruining households, resources, or communal safety. The verse groups it with varjya (to be avoided), marking it as a serious transgression.

The text shifts from listing faults to stating their karmic gravity. By naming naraka, it underscores that these are not minor lapses but condemned actions/dispositions with severe retributive consequences in Purāṇic moral cosmology.

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