Ramayana — Yuddha Kanda, Sarga 71, Shloka 80

अतिकायवधः

The Slaying of Atikāya

Devanagari script

तान् शरान्युधिसम्प्रेक्ष्यनिकृत्तान्रावणात्मजः ।।।।चुकोपत्रिदशेन्द्रारिर्जग्राहनिशितंशरम् ।

Transliteration

tān śarān yudhi samprēkṣya nikṛttān rāvaṇātmajaḥ | cukopa tridaśendrārir jagrāha niśitaṃ śaram ||

Translation

Seeing in battle that those arrows had been cut down, Rāvaṇa’s son—Indra’s foe—grew enraged and took up another sharp shaft.

Word by Word

• tān: those
• tān: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Plural

• śarān: arrows
• śarān: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: śara (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Plural

• yudhi: in battle
• yudhi: Adhikaraṇa
• Type: Noun
• Root: yudh (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Feminine, Locative (7th), Singular; 'in battle'

• samprekṣya: having seen
• samprekṣya: Pūrvakāla-kriyā
• Type: Verb
• Root: samprekṣya (कृदन्त, √īkṣ/√prekṣ धातु with sam-)
• Form: Absolutive/Gerund (क्त्वा/ल्यप्): 'having observed'

• nikṛttān: cut down
• nikṛttān: Karma-viśeṣaṇa
• Type: Adjective
• Root: nikṛtta (कृदन्त, √kṛt/√kart धातु with ni-)
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Plural; PPP (क्त) 'cut down' qualifying śarān

• rāvaṇa-ātmajaḥ: Rāvaṇa’s son
• rāvaṇa-ātmajaḥ: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: rāvaṇa (प्रातिपदिक) + ātmaja (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular; 'son of Rāvaṇa'

• cukopa: became angry
• cukopa: Kriyā
• Type: Verb
• Root: √kup (धातु)
• Form: Perfect (लिट्), 3rd Person, Singular, Parasmaipada

• tridaśa-indra-ariḥ: Indra’s foe
• tridaśa-indra-ariḥ: Kartṛ-samānādhikaraṇa
• Type: Noun
• Root: tridaśa (प्रातिपदिक) + indra (प्रातिपदिक) + ari (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular; tatpuruṣa: 'enemy of Indra, lord of the gods'

• jagrāha: seized
• jagrāha: Kriyā
• Type: Verb
• Root: √grah (धातु)
• Form: Perfect (लिट्), 3rd Person, Singular, Parasmaipada

• niśitam: sharp
• niśitam: Karma-viśeṣaṇa
• Type: Adjective
• Root: niśita (कृदन्त)
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular; qualifying śaram

• śaram: an arrow
• śaram: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: śara (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

Context

Ravana's son, an enemy of Indra, observing that all arrows have been ineffective, took up another sharp arrow.

Characters & Entities

• Atikāya (Rāvaṇātmaja)
• Indra (Tridaśendra)
• Lakṣmaṇa (implied opponent)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Unchecked anger clouds judgment: Dharma requires mastery over krodha; rage escalates violence and leads one away from Satya.

What is the narrative situation?

Atikāya sees his volley neutralized and prepares a new, sharper shot.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Negatively framed: the vice of wrath (krodha) rather than a virtue.