Ramayana — Yuddha Kanda, Sarga 67, Shloka 71

कुम्भकर्णवधः

The Slaying of Kumbhakarna

Devanagari script

ततस्तमादायजगामवीरस्संस्तूयमानोयुधिराक्षसेन्द्रैः ।शृण्वन्निनादंत्रिदिवालयानांप्लवङ्गराजग्रहविस्मितानाम् ।।।।

Transliteration

tatas tam ādāya jagāma vīraḥ saṃstūyamāno yudhi rākṣasendraiḥ |

śṛṇvan ninādaṃ tridivālayānāṃ plavaṅga-rāja-graha-vismitānām ||

Translation

Then the hero went off, bearing him away, praised by the lords among the Rākṣasas in the midst of battle—while he heard the clamour of the denizens of heaven, astonished at the capture of the monkey-king.

Word by Word

• ततः: then / thereafter
• ततः: काल/क्रम (Temporal/Sequential marker)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ततः (अव्यय; तद्-प्रातिपदिकात्)
• Form: अव्ययम् (adverb): ‘thereafter/from there’

• तम्: him
• तम्: कर्म (Karma/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गे, द्वितीया-विभक्तिः, एकवचनम्

• आदाय: having taken
• आदाय: पूर्वकाल-क्रिया (Pūrvakāla-kriyā)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: आ-दा (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वा-प्रत्ययान्त अव्ययम् (gerund): ‘having taken/carrying off’

• जगाम: went
• जगाम: क्रिया (Kriyā/Finite verb)
• Type: Verb
• Root: गम् (धातु)
• Form: लिट्-लकारः (Perfect), परस्मैपदम्, प्रथमपुरुषः, एकवचनम्

• वीरः: the hero
• वीरः: कर्ता (Kartā/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वीर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गे, प्रथमा-विभक्तिः, एकवचनम्

• संस्तूयमानः: being praised
• संस्तूयमानः: विशेषण (Qualifier of subject ‘vīraḥ’)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सम्-स्तु (धातु)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गे, प्रथमा-विभक्तिः, एकवचनम्; वर्तमानकाले कर्मणि कृदन्तः (present passive participle): ‘being praised’

• युधि: in battle
• युधि: अधिकरण (Adhikaraṇa/Locative)
• Type: Noun
• Root: युध्/युधि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्गे, सप्तमी-विभक्तिः, एकवचनम्

• राक्षसेन्द्रैः: by the rākṣasa chiefs
• राक्षसेन्द्रैः: करण (Karaṇa/Instrument)
• Type: Noun
• Root: राक्षस (प्रातिपदिक) + इन्द्र (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गे, तृतीया-विभक्तिः (Instrumental/3rd), बहुवचनम्; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः: ‘राक्षसानाम् इन्द्रैः’ = by the rākṣasa-lords

• शृण्वन्: hearing
• शृण्वन्: कर्ता (Kartā; participle agreeing with ‘vīraḥ’)
• Type: Verb
• Root: श्रु (धातु)
• Form: शतृ-प्रत्ययान्त वर्तमानकाले कृदन्तः (present active participle), पुंलिङ्गे, प्रथमा-विभक्तिः, एकवचनम्; ‘hearing’

• निनादम्: roar / loud cry
• निनादम्: कर्म (Karma/Object of ‘śṛṇvan’)
• Type: Noun
• Root: निनाद (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गे, द्वितीया-विभक्तिः, एकवचनम्

• त्रिदिवालयानाम्: of the dwellers of heaven
• त्रिदिवालयानाम्: षष्ठी-सम्बन्ध (Genitive relation; of whom the roar)
• Type: Noun
• Root: त्रिदिव (प्रातिपदिक) + आलय (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गे, षष्ठी-विभक्तिः (Genitive/6th), बहुवचनम्; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः: ‘त्रिदिवस्य आलयाः’ = dwellers of heaven

• प्लवङ्गराजग्रहविस्मितानाम्: of those astonished at the capture of the monkey-king
• प्लवङ्गराजग्रहविस्मितानाम्: षष्ठी-सम्बन्ध (Genitive; qualifier of ‘tridivālayānām’)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: प्लवङ्ग (प्रातिपदिक) + राज (प्रातिपदिक) + ग्रह (प्रातिपदिक) + विस्मित (प्रातिपदिक/कृदन्त)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गे, षष्ठी-विभक्तिः, बहुवचनम्; समस्तपदम् ‘त्रिदिवालयानाम्’ इत्यस्य विशेषणम्; तत्पुरुषसमासः: ‘प्लवङ्गराजस्य ग्रहः’ (capture of the monkey-king) तस्मिन् विस्मिताः = astonished at the capture

Context

Thereafter the heroic Rakshasa king having held Sugriva in the battle went, duly praised (by Rakshasas), hearing the roaring sounds of gods in heaven wondering at Sugriva's capture.

Characters & Entities

• Kumbhakarṇa
• Sugrīva
• Rākṣasas
• tridiva (heavenly world)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Actions in Itihāsa unfold under cosmic witness; Dharma is not merely private—deeds in war are seen and judged beyond the battlefield, reinforcing accountability.

What is the narrative situation?

Kumbhakarṇa departs with the captured Sugrīva as Rākṣasa leaders praise him; even heavenly beings react with astonishment.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

The verse emphasizes the gravity of leadership and consequence: capturing a king shakes the moral and strategic order, reminding warriors of the weight of their acts.