Ramayana — Yuddha Kanda, Sarga 60, Shloka 88

कुम्भकर्णविबोधनम्

The Awakening of Kumbhakarna

Devanagari script

द्रष्टुंत्वांकांक्षतेराजासर्वराक्षसपुङ्गवः ।गमनेक्रियतांबुद्धिर्भ्रातरंसम्प्रहर्षयः ।।।।

Transliteration

draṣṭuṃ tvāṃ kāṅkṣate rājā sarva-rākṣasa-puṅgavaḥ |

gamane kriyatāṃ buddhir bhrātaraṃ sampraharṣayaḥ ||

Translation

“The king, foremost among all rākṣasas, longs to see you. Resolve to depart; go and gladden your brother.”

Word by Word

• draṣṭum: to see
• draṣṭum: Prayojana (प्रयोजन)
• Type: Verb
• Root: dṛś (धातु)
• Form: तुमुन् (infinitive): 'to see'

• tvām: you
• tvām: Karma (कर्म) (of draṣṭum)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tvad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: द्वितीया, एकवचन; 'you'

• kāṅkṣate: desires
• kāṅkṣate: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: kāṅkṣ (धातु)
• Form: लट् (present), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; आत्मनेपद

• rājā: the king
• rājā: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: rājan (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• sarva-rākṣasa-puṅgavaḥ: chief of all rākṣasas
• sarva-rākṣasa-puṅgavaḥ: Karta (कर्ता) (apposition to rājā)
• Type: Noun
• Root: sarva + rākṣasa + puṅgava (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; समास: तत्पुरुष 'सर्वेषां राक्षसानां पुङ्गवः' (chief among all rākṣasas)

• gamane: for departure
• gamane: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण) / purpose-context
• Type: Noun
• Root: gamana (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी, एकवचन; 'in/for going' (context: departure)

• kriyatām: let (it) be done
• kriyatām: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: kṛ (धातु)
• Form: लोट् (imperative), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; कर्मणि-प्रयोग (passive): 'let it be made/done'

• buddhiḥ: resolve, decision
• buddhiḥ: Karta (कर्ता) (of kriyatām: 'let the resolve be made')
• Type: Noun
• Root: buddhi (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; here: 'decision/resolve'

• bhrātaram: (O) brother
• bhrātaram: Sambodhana-arthī (सम्बोधनार्थी) / addressed object
• Type: Noun
• Root: bhrātṛ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; addressed person (Kumbhakarṇa) as 'brother'

• sampraharṣayaḥ: be pleased, rejoice
• sampraharṣayaḥ: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: sam-pra-√hṛṣ (धातु)
• Form: लोट् (imperative), मध्यमपुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपद

Context

All the Rakshasa leaders said to Kumbhakarna," the king desires to see you. Start. Make up your mind. Be pleased to depart to your brother."

Characters & Entities

• Kumbhakarṇa
• Rāvaṇa
• Rākṣasas

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Kinship-duty and social order: one is urged to meet the king-brother and uphold familial and royal obligations.

What is the narrative situation?

Messengers convey Rāvaṇa’s wish to see Kumbhakarṇa and encourage him to depart at once.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Responsiveness to legitimate summons and maintaining family solidarity.