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Ramayana — Yuddha Kanda, Sarga 6, Shloka 6

रावणस्य मन्त्रविचारः

Ravana’s Council on Strategy

त्रिविधाःपुरुषालोकेउत्तमाधममध्यमाः ।।6.6.6।।तेषांतुसमवेतानांगुणदोषौवदाम्यहम् ।

trividhāḥ puruṣā loke uttamādhamamadhyamāḥ |

teṣāṃ tu samavetānāṃ guṇadoṣau vadāmy aham ||6.6.6||

In this world, people are of three kinds—excellent, middling, and base. Of these, as they appear in an assembly, I will speak of their strengths and faults.

trividhāḥof three kinds
trividhāḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeAdjective
Roottri + vidha (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; द्विगु-समास (threefold) विशेषण (qualifying puruṣāḥ)
puruṣāḥmen, persons
puruṣāḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootpuruṣa (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन
lokein the world
loke:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण/Location)
TypeNoun
Rootloka (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (Locative, 7th), एकवचन
uttama-adhama-madhyamāḥbest, worst, and middling
uttama-adhama-madhyamāḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeAdjective
Rootuttama + adhama + madhyama (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; इतरेतर-द्वन्द्व (copulative: best, worst, and middling) विशेषण (qualifying puruṣāḥ)
teṣāmof them
teṣām:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive)
TypeNoun
Roottad (प्रातिपदिक/सर्वनाम)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (Genitive, 6th), बहुवचन
tubut, indeed
tu:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Roottu (अव्यय)
Formविरोध/अन्वय-अव्यय (but/indeed)
samavetānāmof those gathered/combined
samavetānām:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootsam-ava-i (धातु) + kta (क्त)
Formकृदन्त (PPP), पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी, बहुवचन; विशेषण (qualifying teṣām: of those assembled/combined)
guṇadoṣaumerits and faults
guṇadoṣau:
Karma (कर्म/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootguṇa + doṣa (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, द्विवचन; इतरेतर-द्वन्द्व (merits and faults)
vadāmiI tell
vadāmi:
Kriya (क्रिया/Verb)
TypeVerb
Rootvad (धातु)
Formलट्-लकार (Present), उत्तमपुरुष, एकवचन
ahamI
aham:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootasmad (प्रातिपदिक/सर्वनाम)
Formप्रथमा, एकवचन

"Hanuman destroyed huge mansions, killed topmost Rakshasas and shattered all the city of Lanka."

R
Rāvaṇa

FAQs

Dharma requires discernment in whom one trusts: ethical decision-making depends on recognizing merit and fault in advisors and in oneself.

Rāvaṇa prepares to assess counsel and character-types in the context of war deliberations.

Viveka (discernment): the ability to judge qualities and defects in human counsel.