Ramayana — Sundara Kanda, Sarga 45, Shloka 14

मन्त्रिणां सुतयुद्धम्

Battle with the Sons of the Ministers

Devanagari script

ततस्तेष्ववसन्नेषु भूमौ निपतितेषु च।तत्सैन्यमगमत्सर्वं दिशोदश भयार्दितम्।।।।

Transliteration

tatasteṣv avasanneṣu bhūmau nipatiteṣu ca |

tat sainyam agamat sarvaṃ diśo daśa bhayārditam ||

Translation

When those (seven) minister’s sons collapsed and fell upon the ground, their entire army—struck with terror—fled away in all ten directions.

Word by Word

• ततः: then
• ततः: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Temporal)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ततः (अव्यय)
• Form: कालवाचक-अव्यय (adverb of time)

• तेषु: when they / among them
• तेषु: Adhikarana (अधिकरण/Location; in their case/when they)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम, पुल्लिङ्ग, सप्तमी, बहुवचन

• अवसन्नेषु: when (they) had sunk / collapsed
• अवसन्नेषु: Sati-saptami (सति-सप्तमी/Locative absolute)
• Type: Verb
• Root: अव+सद् (धातु)
• Form: भूतकाले कृदन्तः (past active participle/क्तवत्-प्राय), पुल्लिङ्ग, सप्तमी, बहुवचन; सति-सप्तमी (locative absolute)

• भूमौ: on the ground
• भूमौ: Adhikarana (अधिकरण/Location)
• Type: Noun
• Root: भूमि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, सप्तमी, एकवचन

• निपतितेषु: when (they) had fallen
• निपतितेषु: Sati-saptami (सति-सप्तमी)
• Type: Verb
• Root: नि+पत् (धातु)
• Form: भूतकाले कृदन्तः (past passive participle/क्त), पुल्लिङ्ग, सप्तमी, बहुवचन; सति-सप्तमी

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयार्थक-अव्यय (conjunction)

• तत्: that
• तत्: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: तद् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम-विशेषण, नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; विशेषण सैन्यम्

• सैन्यम्: army
• सैन्यम्: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सैन्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• अगमत्: went / fled
• अगमत्: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: गम् (धातु)
• Form: लङ् (Imperfect/Past), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन

• सर्वम्: all
• सर्वम्: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सर्व (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; विशेषण सैन्यम्

• दिशः: to the directions
• दिशः: Gati-karman (गतिकर्म/Goal of motion)
• Type: Noun
• Root: दिश् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), बहुवचन

• दश: ten
• दश: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: दशन् (प्रातिपदिक/संख्या)
• Form: संख्यावाचक (numeral), अव्ययवत् प्रयोगः; विशेषण दिशः

• भयार्दितम्: struck with fear
• भयार्दितम्: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: भयार्दित (प्रातिपदिक: भय + आर्दित)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; क्त-प्रत्ययान्त (PPP) ‘आर्दित’ from आर्द्/अर्द्; तत्पुरुष (fear-stricken)

Context

Struck by fear on seeing Hanuman, the seven sons of ministers dropped down dead on the ground, and their army fled in all the ten directions.

Characters & Entities

• Hanumān
• Rākṣasa army

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Adharma-driven aggression collapses under its own fear: when power is used unjustly, courage and cohesion fail. The verse shows how terror and moral disarray follow when one confronts a force aligned with a righteous purpose.

What is the narrative situation?

After Hanumān has overcome the seven sons of the ministers, they fall on the ground; seeing this, the remaining rākṣasa troops panic and scatter in all directions.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Hanumān’s vīrya (heroic strength) and steadfastness: his unwavering resolve in service of Rāma becomes the cause of the enemy’s rout.