Ramayana — Sundara Kanda, Sarga 44, Shloka 6

Devanagari script

तं तोरणविटङ्कस्थं हनुमन्तं महाकपिम्।जम्बुमाली महाबाहुर्विव्याध निशितैश्शरैः।।।।

Transliteration

taṃ toraṇa-viṭaṅka-sthaṃ hanumantaṃ mahā-kapim | jambumālī mahā-bāhur vivyādha niśitaiḥ śaraiḥ ||

Translation

Jambumali, strong-armed, struck that great monkey Hanuman—standing upon the projecting top of the gateway arch—with sharp arrows.

Word by Word

• tam: him
• tam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (तद्)
• Form: Masculine, Accusative (द्वितीया/2), Singular

• toraṇa-viṭaṅka-stham: standing atop the archway
• toraṇa-viṭaṅka-stham: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: toraṇa (तोरण) + viṭaṅka (विटङ्क) + stha (स्थ)
• Form: Masculine, Accusative (द्वितीया/2), Singular; qualifying hanumantam; 'standing on the arch-cornice/top'

• hanumantam: Hanuman
• hanumantam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: hanumat (हनुमत् प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Accusative (द्वितीया/2), Singular

• mahā-kapim: the great monkey
• mahā-kapim: Karma (कर्म/apposition)
• Type: Noun
• Root: mahā (महा) + kapi (कपि)
• Form: Masculine, Accusative (द्वितीया/2), Singular; apposition to hanumantam

• jambumālī: Jambumālī
• jambumālī: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: jambumālī (जम्बुमाली प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative (प्रथमा/1), Singular

• mahā-bāhuḥ: strong-armed
• mahā-bāhuḥ: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: mahā (महा) + bāhu (बाहु प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative (प्रथमा/1), Singular; bahuvrīhi = 'one whose arms are great' qualifying jambumālī

• vivyādha: pierced/struck
• vivyādha: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: vyadh (व्यध् धातु)
• Form: Perfect (लिट्), Third person (प्रथमपुरुष), Singular; Parasmaipada

• niśitaiḥ: sharp
• niśitaiḥ: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: niśita (निशित प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental (तृतीया/3), Plural; qualifying śaraiḥ

• śaraiḥ: with arrows
• śaraiḥ: Karana (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: śara (शर प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental (तृतीया/3), Plural

Context

Strong-armed Jambumali with his sharp arrows hit great Hanuman who stood on top of the exit archway.

Characters & Entities

• Hanuman
• Jambumali

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma is tested under attack: the righteous agent may be wounded, yet remains committed to the mission without abandoning restraint or purpose.

What is the narrative situation?

Hanuman holds a strategic position on a gateway structure; Jambumali initiates combat by shooting sharp arrows at him.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Steadfastness under threat—Hanuman’s composure and readiness in a hostile environment.