Ramayana — Sundara Kanda, Sarga 4, Shloka 19
लङ्काप्रवेशः
Hanuman’s Stealth Entry and Survey of Lanka
दीक्षितान् जटिलान् मुण्डान् गोजिनाम्बरवाससः।दर्भमुष्टिप्रहरणानग्निकुण्डायुघांस्तथा।।5.4.15।।कूटमुद्गरपाणींश्च दण्डायुधधरानपि।एकाक्षानेककर्णांश्च लम्बोदरपयोधरान्।।5.4.16।।करालान् भुग्नवक्त्रांश्च विकटान् वामनांस्तथा।धन्विनः खङ्गिनश्चैव शतघ्नीमुसलायुधान्।।5.4.17।।परिघोत्तमहस्तांश्च विचित्रकवचोज्ज्वलान्।नातिस्थूलान्नातिकृशान्नातिदीर्घातिह्रस्वकान्।।5.4.18।।नातिगौरान्नातिकृष्णान्नातिकुब्जान्न वामनान्।विरूपान् बहुरूपांश्च सुरूपांश्च सुवर्चसः।5.4.19।।ध्वजीन् पताकिनश्चैव ददर्श विविधायुधान्।
dīkṣitān jaṭilān muṇḍān gojināmbaravāsasaḥ |
darbhamuṣṭipraharaṇān agnikuṇḍāyudhāṃs tathā ||5.4.15||
kūṭamudgarapāṇīṃś ca daṇḍāyudhadharān api |
ekākṣān ekakarṇāṃś ca lambodarapayodharān ||5.4.16||
karālān bhugnavaktrāṃś ca vikaṭān vāmanāṃs tathā |
dhanvinaḥ khaṅginaś caiva śataghnīmusalāyudhān ||5.4.17||
parighottamahastāṃś ca vicitrakavacojjvalān |
nātisthūlān nātikṛśān nātidīrghātihrasvakān ||5.4.18||
nātigaurān nātikṛṣṇān nātikubjān na vāmanān |
virūpān bahurūpāṃś ca surūpāṃś ca suvarcasaḥ ||5.4.19||
dhvajīn patākinaś caiva dadarśa vividhāyudhān |
He saw Rākṣasas of many types—some consecrated for rites, some with matted hair, some shaven-headed, some clad in cowhide; some wielding fistfuls of darbha-grass, others bearing implements of fire-sacrifice as weapons. He saw some holding iron mallets, others armed with staves; some one-eyed or one-eared, some with pendulous bellies and breasts; some dreadful, some bent-faced, some misshapen, and some dwarfish. He saw archers and swordsmen, and others armed with heavy clubs and missiles; some with iron-bar-like hands, shining in varied armor. He saw those neither overly stout nor thin, neither too tall nor too short, neither too fair nor too dark, neither hunchbacked nor dwarfed—some ugly, some of many forms, and some handsome and radiant—bearing banners and flags, equipped with diverse weapons.
He observed large contingents of demons lining the highway and spies of Ravana stationed in the middle of the city.
FAQs
The verse implicitly contrasts outer marks (rites, ascetic signs, sacred implements) with inner conduct: dharma is not costume or ritual display, but righteous orientation—here, sacred objects are even turned into weapons.
While scouting Laṅkā, Hanumān catalogs the city’s defenders—an intimidating, varied array of armed Rākṣasas—assessing the threat landscape for the rescue mission.
Alertness and analytical perception: Hanumān carefully notes details of opponents (weapons, formations, physiques), showing disciplined intelligence in service of a dharmic aim.