Ramayana — Kishkindha Kanda, Sarga 33, Shloka 44

किष्किन्धाप्रवेशः—लक्ष्मणस्य कोपः, तारासान्त्वम्, सुग्रीवदर्शनम्

Lakshmana Enters Kishkindha: Anger, Tara’s Mediation, and Sugriva Encountered

Devanagari script

न चिन्तयति राज्यार्थं नास्मान् शोकपरायणान्।सामात्यपरिषत्तारे पानमेवोपसेवते।।।।

Transliteration

na cintayati rājyārthaṃ nāsmān śoka-parāyaṇān | sāmātya-pariṣat tāre pānam evopasevate ||

Translation

He gives no thought to affairs of state, nor to us who are overwhelmed with grief. O Tārā, he keeps only to drinking, in the company of ministers and courtiers.

Word by Word

• न: not
• न: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न (अव्यय)
• Form: Niṣedha-nipāta (negation)

• चिन्तयति: thinks about
• चिन्तयति: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √चिन्त् (धातु)
• Form: Laṭ-lakāra, Prathama-puruṣa, Ekavacana; parasmaipada

• राज्यार्थम्: state affairs
• राज्यार्थम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: राज्य (प्रातिपदिक) + अर्थ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Dvitīyā, Ekavacana; Tatpuruṣa: rājyasya arthaḥ (state-affairs/purpose of kingdom)

• न: not
• न: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न (अव्यय)
• Form: Niṣedha-nipāta (negation)

• अस्मान्: us
• अस्मान्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: asmad (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Sarvanāma, Puṃliṅga, Dvitīyā, Bahuvacana (plural/बहुवचन)

• शोकपरायणान्: absorbed in sorrow
• शोकपरायणान्: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: शोक (प्रातिपदिक) + परायण (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Dvitīyā, Bahuvacana; Tatpuruṣa: śoke parāyaṇāḥ (given over to sorrow)

• सामात्यपरिषत्: council of ministers
• सामात्यपरिषत्: Sahakāraka (सहकारक)
• Type: Noun
• Root: स (सह) (अव्ययार्थ) + अमात्य (प्रातिपदिक) + परिषद् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Strīliṅga, Prathamā, Ekavacana; Tatpuruṣa: amātyaiḥ saha pariṣat (council with ministers)

• तारे: O Tārā
• तारे: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तारा (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Strīliṅga, Sambodhana, Ekavacana

• पानम्: drinking
• पानम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पान (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Napuṃsakalिङ्ग, Dvitīyā, Ekavacana

• एव: only
• एव: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एव (अव्यय)
• Form: Avadhāraṇa-nipāta (अवधारण, emphatic particle)

• उपसेवते: indulges in/attends to
• उपसेवते: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: उप-√सेव् (धातु)
• Form: Laṭ-lakāra, Prathama-puruṣa, Ekavacana; ātmanepada

Context

'O Tara! that we are in grief Sugriva does not realize. He is not attending to state affairs. He is only enjoying drinking in the company of ministers.

Characters & Entities

• Lakṣmaṇa
• Tārā
• Sugrīva

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Rājadharma: a ruler must prioritize governance and obligations; indulgence that ignores the suffering of allies violates ethical kingship.

What is the narrative situation?

Lakṣmaṇa enumerates Sugrīva’s failures—neglecting statecraft and ignoring Rāma’s grief-driven urgency.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Accountability to promises and compassionate awareness of others’ suffering.