Ramayana — Kishkindha Kanda, Sarga 10, Shloka 8

सुग्रीवस्य वैरानुकथनम्

Sugriva’s Account of Enmity and Appeal to Rama

Devanagari script

त्वमेव राजा मानार्हस्सदा चाहं यथा पुरम्4.10.7।।राजभावनियोगोऽयं मम त्वद्विरहात्कृतः।सामात्यपौरनगरं स्थितं निहतकण्टकम्4.10.8।।

Transliteration

tvam eva rājā mānārhaḥ sadā cāhaṃ yathā puram (4.10.7) || rājabhāvaniyogo 'yaṃ mama tvadvirahāt kṛtaḥ | sāmātyapauranagaraṃ sthitaṃ nihatakaṇṭakam (4.10.8) ||

Translation

This Southern Recension numbering continues the same statement: Sugrīva affirms Vāli’s rightful kingship and explains that his own governance was only a temporary duty performed in Vāli’s absence to keep the realm secure and stable.

Word by Word

• राजभावनियोगः: the assignment/charge of kingship
• राजभावनियोगः: कर्ता (subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: राजभाव (राज-भाव) + नियोग (नियोग)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गः (masculine), प्रथमा-विभक्तिः (nominative, 1), एकवचनम् (singular)

• अयम्: this
• अयम्: विशेषणम्/निर्देशकः (deictic qualifier of subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: इदम् (सर्वनाम)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गः (masculine), प्रथमा-विभक्तिः (nominative, 1), एकवचनम् (singular)

• मम: of me / my
• मम: सम्बन्ध (possessor/relational)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अस्मद् (सर्वनाम)
• Form: षष्ठी-विभक्तिः (genitive, 6), एकवचनम् (singular)

• त्वद्विरहात्: due to your absence
• त्वद्विरहात्: अपादान (cause/source: 'due to/from')
• Type: Noun
• Root: त्वद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक) + विरह (विरह)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गः (masculine), पञ्चमी-विभक्तिः (ablative, 5), एकवचनम् (singular)

• कृतः: made / done
• कृतः: क्रियाविशेषण/विधेय (predicate: 'made/done')
• Type: Verb
• Root: कृ (धातु)
• Form: कृदन्तः—क्त-प्रत्ययान्तः (past passive participle, -ta), पुंलिङ्गः (masculine), प्रथमा-विभक्तिः (nominative, 1), एकवचनम् (singular)

• सामात्यपौरनगरम्: (the realm/kingdom) with ministers, citizens, and towns
• सामात्यपौरनगरम्: कर्ता (subject; apposition to 'राजभावनियोगः')
• Type: Noun
• Root: स (सह) + अमात्य (अमात्य) + पौर (पौर) + नगर (नगर)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्गः (neuter), प्रथमा-विभक्तिः (nominative, 1), एकवचनम् (singular)

• स्थितम्: stable / established
• स्थितम्: क्रियाविशेषण/विधेय (predicate: 'standing/remaining')
• Type: Verb
• Root: स्था (धातु)
• Form: कृदन्तः—क्त-प्रत्ययान्तः (past passive participle, -ta), नपुंसकलिङ्गः (neuter), प्रथमा-विभक्तिः (nominative, 1), एकवचनम् (singular)

• निहतकण्टकम्: with thorns/enemies removed (trouble-free)
• निहतकण्टकम्: विशेषणम् (qualifier of 'सामात्यपौरनगरम्')
• Type: Adjective
• Root: निहत (नि-हन् धातु से क्त) + कण्टक (कण्टक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्गः (neuter), प्रथमा-विभक्तिः (nominative, 1), एकवचनम् (singular); विशेषणम् (qualifier)

Context

'You alone are the king and worthy of reverence.I will be the same old brother carrying out my work as earlier. I held the responsibility of the state in your absence forced by the citizens and ministers. The kingdom has been kept stable with the enemies destroyed.

Characters & Entities

• Vāli
• Sugrīva

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Legitimacy and intent: authority is justified as a trust exercised for communal welfare, and truthfulness is shown by openly acknowledging the rightful king.

What is the narrative situation?

A continued/renumbered portion of Sugrīva’s defense regarding why he held royal authority.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Respect for rightful sovereignty coupled with public-minded governance.